长期护理中的需求,资源,倦怠和工作能力:一个多组结构方程模型,比较住宅和家庭护理
Michael Herz1, Simon Blaschke1, Doris Gebhard1
1Department Health and Sport Sciences, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Am Olympiacampus 11, 80809, Munich, Germany.
International journal of nursing studies
|October 31, 2025
概括
工作需求和资源对长期护理中的倦怠和工作能力产生影响. 虽然一些关系在不同环境中是相似的,但另一些需要针对护理劳动力的健康进行量身定制的干预.
科学领域:
- 护理劳动力健康 护理劳动力健康
- 职业健康心理学 职业健康心理学
- 组织行为 组织行为
背景情况:
- 倦怠和工作能力是关键的护理健康结果,受工作需求和资源的影响.
- 倦怠包括情绪疲,非个性化,以及由于压力而减少成就.
- 工作能力反映了员工在考虑健康,技能和资源方面满足工作需求的能力.
研究的目的:
- 评估在长期护理机构中修改的工作需求-资源模型.
- 评估测量不变性并比较需求,资源,倦怠和工作能力之间的关系.
- 调查住院长期护理和家庭护理环境之间的差异.
主要方法:
- 在301名德国长期护理员工的数据上使用多组结构方程建模 (SEM).
- 分析住院护理 (2019年) 和家庭护理 (2020年) 设置的横截面数据.
- 进行测量不变性测试,以验证跨设置的模型.
主要成果:
- 工作需求-资源模型显示在住宅和家庭护理中测量不变性.
- 高要求与增加的情绪疲劳和非个性化相关;资源与个人成就积极相关.
- 情绪疲劳对家庭护理中的工作能力产生了负面影响;去个性化和个人成就路径对工作能力的设置有所不同.
结论:
- 工作需求和资源显著影响长期护理人员的倦怠程度.
- 由于一些相似的关系,通用的干预措施可能适用,但对于燃烧-工作能力联系,需要设置特定的策略.
- 未来的研究应该探索额外的需求/资源,并采用纵向设计.
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