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实验室创新来诊断侵袭性菌感染-什么是相关的,什么不是?

Yuri Vanbiervliet¹, Robina Aerts², Lenn Maessen³

¹Department of Haematology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.

Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

|October 31, 2025

概括

新的诊断工具改善了侵入性菌感染 (IMI) 的检测. 综合抗原检测,PCR和测序的多模式策略提供更早,更准确的诊断,但仍需要非侵入性方法.

科学领域:

医学真菌学医学真菌学
传染性疾病传染性疾病
诊断微生物学诊断微生物学

背景情况:

侵入性真菌感染 (IMI) 具有显著的发病率和死亡率.
传统的诊断方法 (组织病理学,培养,显微镜) 通常不敏感,依赖于侵入性采样.
早期和准确的诊断罕见或混合的菌感染仍然是一个挑战.

研究的目的:

审查最近在IMI诊断方面的创新.
突出诊断的进步,并确定局限性.
评估当前诊断算法的差距,以期未来的发展.

主要方法:

没有日期限制的文献搜索.
包括实验,临床研究,系统审查和元分析.
专注于IMI的新型诊断方法.

主要成果:

新的抗原检测试验 (侧流,化学发光免疫试验) 可用于Aspergillus.
尿路甘氨酸和 siderophores 等新的目标显示出诊断潜力.
向PCR提供了早期检测和抗药性识别的阿斯伯吉勒斯和菌.
下一代元基因组测序扩大了病原体检测,但面临成本和解释性挑战.
主体反应测定有希望,但仍在研究中.

结论:

在医院中,Aspergillus抗原测试越来越容易实施.
粘膜菌的PCR改善了粘膜菌的诊断,包括共感染.
多模式策略 (抗原测定,PCR,NGS) 提高了IMI诊断的准确性和及时性.
持续需要快速,准确,非侵入性IMI诊断测试.
宿主反应测定在临床使用前需要进一步验证.
未来的多中心研究对于标准化值和评估结果至关重要.

关键词:

诊断诊断诊断诊断侵袭性阿斯伯吉洛症侵袭性阿斯伯吉洛症侵袭性真菌感染侵袭性真菌感染粘菌菌的疾病这是一种非侵入性的方法.这是一个PCRPCR.血清学血清学是一门学科.

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