微塑料:对暴露方式和对人类健康影响的叙述性审查
Sandhya Jinesh1, Rajan Radhakrishnan2
1Pharmacy Services, CVS Health, Trumbull, CT, USA.
International journal of toxicology
|November 1, 2025
概括
微塑料 (MPs) 无处不在,造成健康问题. 本综述综合了MP暴露途径和健康结果的证据,突出了研究差距和标准化方法的需要.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 微塑料 (MPs),颗粒<5毫米,由于塑料的持久性,是普遍存在的环境污染物.
- 国会议员越来越多地被认为是潜在的人类健康影响的新兴污染物.
- 在空气,水和土壤中广泛存在,需要了解人类暴露和健康影响.
研究的目的:
- 进行关于微塑料暴露和人类健康的研究的批判性叙事雨审查.
- 综合有关主要暴露途径 (吞,吸入,皮肤) 和相关健康结果的证据.
- 批判性地评估不一致性,知识差距,并为未来的研究和政策提供指导.
主要方法:
- 一个综合性审查方法,综合了已发表的评论和初级研究.
- 对不同暴露路径的证据进行系统评估.
- 对方法论的优点,局限性和主题一致性的批判性评估.
主要成果:
- 微塑料在各种人体样本中始终被检测到,包括食物,水,空气,便,血液,胎盘和母乳.
- 报告的健康结果包括胃肠道炎症,肠道微生物群破坏,呼吸问题,内分泌/生殖功能障碍和潜在的神经毒性.
- 吸入是显著的暴露途径,吞是最受研究的,皮肤暴露仍未得到充分研究.
结论:
- 微塑料是一个复杂而普遍的公共卫生挑战.
- 协调的方法,流行病学研究和反映现实暴露的机制研究至关重要.
- 加强证据基础对于准确的风险评估,监管和公众对微塑料健康影响的认识至关重要.
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