压力-NRF2反应轴使瘤巨细胞两极分化,并破坏免疫疗法
Dominik J Schaer1, Nadja Schulthess-Lutz1, Livio Baselgia1
1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.
Journal for immunotherapy of cancer
|November 1, 2025
概括
转录因子NRF2驱动免疫抑制性瘤相关巨细胞 (TAMs),促进癌症生长和治疗耐药性. 抑制NRF2可以恢复抗瘤免疫力,并改善免疫治疗反应.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 癌症生物学 癌症生物学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 与瘤相关的巨细胞 (TAMs) 表现出可塑性,在免疫激活和促进癌症的状态之间切换.
- 诱导癌前TAM状态的特定压力路径在很大程度上是未知的.
- 这项研究确定了转录因子NRF2作为前癌性巨细胞表型的关键调解者.
研究的目的:
- 定义NRF2在调解癌前巨细胞状态中的作用.
- 研究TAM中的NRF2激活如何影响对癌症免疫治疗的反应.
- 探索在癌症治疗中准NRF2的治疗潜力.
主要方法:
- 利用空间转录组学和单细胞RNA测序.
- 采用了三维 (3D) 细胞培养和体内瘤模型.
- 在MC38结肠瘤和MMTV-PyMT乳腺瘤中的巨细胞中研究了NRF2激活状态,包括Keap1缺乏的小鼠.
主要成果:
- 在MC38瘤中确定了NRF2印制的"压力TAMs" (Spp1+),具有免疫抑制和促进瘤的活性,与外围Cxcl9+TAMs形成对比.
- 观察到一种保留的NRF2激活梯度,在各种人类癌症中分离了促炎性 (CXCL9+) 和抗炎性 (SPP1+) TAM.
- 证明NRF2印制的TAM抑制IFN-STAT1程序,减少MHC-II和化学激素表达,损害T细胞扩张,促进瘤入侵,并驱动转移.
- 表明构成性NRF2激活加速瘤生长并阻碍抗CD40疗法的有效性,而Nrf2删除恢复免疫性TAM并增强抗CD40/抗PD-1治疗.
结论:
- 确定了一种涉及NRF2的细胞保护机制,该机制维持免疫抑制TAM并赋予治疗耐药性.
- 定义了压力诱导的TAMs作为巨细胞介导癌症免疫逃避的关键驱动因素.
- 建议与免疫疗法一起抑制NRF2活性可以恢复巨细胞-T细胞相互作用并改善患者的治疗结果.
更多相关视频
09:32Drug-Induced Senescence in Liver Cells Promotes M2 Macrophage Polarization: Implications for Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor-Associated Hepatotoxicity
Published on: October 17, 2025
414
08:19Transfer of Manipulated Tumor-associated Neutrophils into Tumor-Bearing Mice to Study their Angiogenic Potential In Vivo
Published on: July 20, 2019
6.4K
相关概念视频
Tumor Immunotherapy
1.7K
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
1.7K
The Tumor Microenvironment
7.6K
Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
7.6K
Interactions Between Signaling Pathways
7.2K
Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
7.2K
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression
4.6K
The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
The mTOR pathway or the...
4.6K
