专家V/S AI的2.0:人工智能模型的比较评估和专家在阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停评估的共识
Giovanni Cammaroto1,2, Felipe Ahumada Mira2,3, Valentin Favier2,4
1Head and Neck Department, ENT & Oral Surgery Unity, G.B. Morgagni, L. Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Italy.
概括
人工智能聊天机器人在管理阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 (OSA) 中表现有前途,但专家人类判断对于复杂的病例至关重要. 在这项研究中,ChatGPT-3.5的表现出乎意料地超过了新的AI模型.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 人工智能在医学中的应用
- 睡眠医学 睡眠医学
背景情况:
- 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 (OSA) 的管理需要专家临床判断.
- 人工智能 (AI) 聊天机器人越来越多地被用于医疗应用.
- 在专业医疗领域评估人工智能性能至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较人工智能聊天机器人对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 (OSA) 的诊断和管理建议,与专家耳鼻喉学家的共识相比.
- 评估ChatGPT-3.5,ChatGPT-4.0和Gemini在应对与OSA相关的临床场景中的表现.
- 确定AI作为OSA管理中的补充工具的实用性.
主要方法:
- 关于OSA管理的10个问题调查对ChatGPT-3.5,ChatGPT-4.0,Gemini和100名耳鼻喉科医生进行了管理.
- 十名睡眠医学超级专家使用利克尔特级别来评估答案,以同意专家的共识.
- 进行了统计分析,以比较人工智能性能与人类专家的共识.
主要成果:
- 专家共识获得最高分 (4.5 ± 0.9),明显超过所有人工智能模型.
- 在AI中,ChatGPT-3.5 (4.1 ± 1.2) 的表现最好,其次是ChatGPT-4.0 (3.9 ± 1.4) 和Gemini (3.6 ± 1.5).
- 人工智能模型在特定场景中显示出一致性,但在需要多因素整合的复杂案例中遇到了困难,特别是在治疗管理中.
结论:
- 人工智能模型显示出在定义精确的场景中作为OSA管理的支持工具的潜力.
- 在复杂的OSA病例中,人类专家的临床判断仍然是不可或缺的.
- 与较新的版本相比,ChatGPT-3.5的优越性能突出显示,一般AI模型更新并不总是转化为更好的专业医疗领域性能.
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