血管认知障碍和老年痴呆症:认知及其他方面
Ana Charlotte Menart1, Lisanne Tap2, Frank J Wolters1,3
1Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Age and ageing
|November 2, 2025
概括
血管认知障碍和痴呆症 (VCID) 影响着老年人,通常与心血管风险有关. 管理侧重于预防风险因素和综合认知运动干预以保持能力.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 神经学 神经学
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
背景情况:
- 血管认知障碍和痴呆症 (VCID) 是老年人口中普遍存在的疾病.
- VCID是由血管 perfusion 或功能的改变引起的,包括中风,出血和小血管疾病.
- 诸如高血压,高脂血症,糖尿病,吸烟和心房等心血管风险因素加速了VCID的发展.
研究的目的:
- 提供VCID的概述,重点关注可修改的风险因素及其对认知和运动功能的影响.
- 突出最近在VCID预防性风险因素管理方面的进展.
- 探索用于维护VCID患者认知和功能能力的综合认知运动干预措施.
主要方法:
- 发表在"Age and Ageing"杂志上的一些针对VCID的研究报告.
- 分析可修改风险因素对认知和运动症状的影响.
- 检查VCID目前的预防策略和新兴干预措施.
主要成果:
- 根据受影响的大脑区域和血液流动中断,VCID的症状有所不同.
- 早期的症状包括思维减缓,执行功能障碍,注意力集中困难,困惑和情绪/行为变化.
- 运动功能障碍 (步态,平衡) 被认为是早期的VCID特征,可能会随着多领域障碍而恶化.
结论:
- 目前,没有治愈VCID;临床重点是及时预防,支持性护理和管理.
- 可修改的风险因素在VCID中显著影响运动和认知症状.
- 结合的认知运动干预措施对保持认知和功能能力有希望.
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