在秘鲁,导致梨茎末部腐烂的种类Lasiodiplodia的鉴定,分布和致病性
Alejandro K Llanos1, Marcelo I Bustamante2,3, Karina Elfar4
1Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Plant Pathology, Av. La Molina s/n - La Molina, Lima, Lima, Lima, Peru, 15494; allanos@lamolina.edu.pe.
Plant disease
|November 3, 2025
概括
六种Lasiodiplodia物种导致秘鲁梨的茎末 (SER) 和树枝癌 (BC). 这项研究确定了SER的新致病原体,并强调了在疾病管理中需要精确的物种鉴定.
科学领域:
- 植物病理学 植物病理学
- 菌类学 菌类学是指菌类学.
- 农业科学 农业科学
背景情况:
- 秘鲁的梨 (Persea americana) 产量因茎末 (SER) 和树枝癌 (BC) 而遭受经济损失.
- 虽然Lasiodiplodia物种是已知的BC病原体,但它们在SER中的作用不明.
- 准确识别真菌病原体对于有效的疾病管理策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在秘鲁的梨中识别和描述与SER和BC相关的Lasiodiplodia物种.
- 确认在梨上发现的Lasiodiplodia物种的致病性.
- 为了解影响秘鲁梨的Lasiodiplodia物种的多样性和毒性提供见解.
主要方法:
- 从秘鲁树林 (2018-2022) 收集症状的梨树枝和看起来健康的水果.
- 使用形态学和多部位遗传学分析,对Lasiodiplodia物种进行隔离和鉴定.
- 通过对梨水果和茎的接种实验来实现科赫的假设,以确认病原性和评估攻击性.
主要成果:
- 从SER (86.4%) 和BC (95.4%) 样本中频繁地分离出拉西奥迪普洛迪亚物种.
- 确定了六种拉西奥迪普洛迪亚物种:L. theobromae,L. pseudotheobromae,L. laeliocattleyae,L. brasiliensis,Lasiodiplodia sp. 和L. euphorbiaceicola. 这些物种包括:
- 所有六种已识别的物种都被证实是SER的致病原体,五种与BC有关,具有不同程度的侵略性.
结论:
- 这项研究首次报告了L. theobromae,L. pseudotheobromae,L. laeliocattleyae,L. brasiliensis和L. euphorbiaceicola作为秘鲁SER的致病因子.
- 巴西兰的L.和拉西奥迪普洛迪亚sp. 在秘鲁,这些新发现与BC有关.
- 鉴定Lasiodiplodia的物种水平对于了解病原体多样性和实施梨疾病向管理至关重要.
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