设计,合成和药理学评估核心环扩展芬太尼类同类作为潜在的对抗芬太尼诱导的呼吸系统抑郁的药物
Abeje A Silte1, Ennian Li1, Balaji S Kale1
1Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, 800 East Leigh Street, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.
Journal of medicinal chemistry
|November 3, 2025
概括
研究人员通过扩大核心环结构开发了新的芬太尼类型. 化合物53有效地逆转了芬太尼引起的呼吸抑制,为合成阿片类药物过量治疗提供了潜在的治疗方法.
科学领域:
- 药用化学 医学化学
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
背景情况:
- 合成阿片类药物危机,特别是芬太尼过量服用,迫切需要开发新的治疗策略.
- 现有的治疗方法可能不足以应对芬太尼等合成阿片类药物的高强度.
研究的目的:
- 合成和评估新型环扩展芬太尼类同类物作为合成阿片类药物过量剂的潜在对手.
- 为了确定可以有效地阻断阿片类药物抗受和逆转呼吸抑制的化合物.
主要方法:
- 合成了84个环扩张的芬太尼类似物,具有4-azepane和5-azocane结构.
- 在体内对抗性研究,以评估合成阿片类药物抗受体的阻断.
- 剂量反应分析以确定对抗剂的强度 (AD50).
- 药物动力学分析和中枢神经系统 (CNS) 透的评估.
- 整体囊造影以评估芬太尼诱导的呼吸抑制的逆转.
主要成果:
- 十五种合成的化合物证明了合成阿片类药物的有效对抗作用.
- 针对芬太尼和吗啡,确定了四种强效的对抗剂 (化合物16,46,53,和69).
- 化合物53表现出最高的强度 (AD50 = 4.02 mg/kg对芬太尼) 和有利的药理动力学,包括中枢神经系统的透.
- 化合物53在体内成功逆转了芬太尼引起的呼吸抑制.
结论:
- 扩大芬太尼的核心环结构是开发强大的类阿片受体 (MOR) 抗剂的可行策略.
- 化合物53显示显著的承诺作为一个中心作用的MOR对抗剂治疗芬太尼过量服用,通过抑制反受和呼吸抑制.
相关概念视频
Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids
906
Synthetic and semisynthetic opioids are pivotal in pain management and tackling opioid addiction. Semisynthetic opioids, including morphinans (morphine derivatives), oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone, have improved pharmacokinetic profiles compared to morphine. Additionally, heroin and 6-MAM (6-Monoacetylmorphine) show better CNS penetration than morphine due to heightened lipid solubility. Hydromorphone, a potent opioid, undergoes hepatic metabolism to form the active...
906
Opioid Analgesics: Morphine and Other Natural Cogeners
837
Opioids are a class of drugs that mimic endogenous opioid peptides and act on opioid receptors, and help in pain relief. These compounds are classified as natural, synthetic, or semi-synthetic. Natural opioids, like morphine, codeine, and thebaine, are derived from the opium poppy plant (Papaver somniferum or Papaver album) and are termed opiates. Synthetic opioids are artificial, while semi-synthetic opioids combine natural and synthetic compounds. Morphine, a prototypical opioid, possesses a...
837
Analgesia and Pain Management
1.5K
Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
1.5K
Opioid Receptors: Overview
4.0K
Opioid receptors, including the mu (μ, MOR), delta (δ, DOR), and kappa (κ, KOR) types, belong to the rhodopsin family of G protein-coupled receptors. These receptors are located throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems and in non-neuronal tissues such as macrophages and astrocytes. Opioid receptor ligands can be categorized into agonists or antagonists. Highly selective agonists include [d-Ala2, MePhe4, Gly(ol)5]-enkephalin or DAMGO for MOR, [D-Pen2,...
4.0K
Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview
566
Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
566
Adrenergic Agonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship
3.8K
Adrenergic agonists' structure-activity relationship (SAR) determines their selectivity and efficacy. These agonists comprise a phenylethylamine moiety with an aromatic ring and an ethylamine side chain.
Aromatic ring substitutions: Substituting the aromatic ring with –OH groups at positions 3 and 4 yields catecholamines (e.g., epinephrine), which have a high affinity for adrenoceptors. Hydrogen bonding between –OH groups and receptors enhances adrenergic activity.
Separation of...
Aromatic ring substitutions: Substituting the aromatic ring with –OH groups at positions 3 and 4 yields catecholamines (e.g., epinephrine), which have a high affinity for adrenoceptors. Hydrogen bonding between –OH groups and receptors enhances adrenergic activity.
Separation of...
3.8K


