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用GMA修饰的PLA/竹复合材料的评价:机械强度和生物降解性

Hongtao Shi¹, Shuyu Zhao¹, Lian Chen¹

¹College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.

|November 3, 2025

概括

在聚乳酸 (PLA) 上移植甘基甲基酸 (GMA) 可以改善环保的竹塑料复合材料 (BPC). 适度的GMA修改显著提高了基于PLA的复合材料的机械性能,耐水性和耐久性.

科学领域:

材料科学材料科学材料科学
聚合物化学聚合物化学
复合材料复合材料复合材料

背景情况:

开发环保木塑复合材料 (WPC) 需要在极地植物纤维和非极地聚合物矩阵 (如聚乳酸 (PLA)) 之间提高界面兼容性.
现有的WPC经常患有差的界面粘附,限制其性能和耐用性.

研究的目的:

在生物基复合材料中改善竹粉 (BF) 和PLA矩阵之间的界面兼容性.
通过对PLA进行表面修改,提高环保竹塑料复合材料 (BPC) 的性能,耐水性和机械性能.

主要方法:

在聚乳酸 (PLA) 上通过使用氧化作为启动剂的固态相修饰将甘氨基甲酸 (GMA) 移植到聚乳酸 (PLA) 上.
合成PLA-g-glycidyl甲基酸盐 (PLA-g-GMA) 共聚合物,不同的接种比率.
使用FTIR和1HNMR光谱学对共聚合物结构的表征.
使用PLA-g-GMA与竹粉 (BF) 的热压制竹塑料复合材料 (BPC) 的制造.
通过物理,机械和土壤埋葬降解测试评估BPC属性.

主要成果:

在15%的GMA含量下,GMA对PLA的最佳接种比率达到15%,导致接种率为9.62%.
与未经修改的复合材料相比,用修改的PLA制成的复合材料显示出明显改善的抗水性和机械性能.
使用15%GMA改性PLA的复合材料在静态屈曲强度上增加了168.86%,弹性模量增加了94.06%,冲击强度增加了45.67%.
15%的GMA修改还增强了耐水性,使用13%的GMA修改PLA的复合材料的24小时吸水率为1.05%,并减缓了土壤埋葬降解.

结论:

在生物基复合材料中,PLA与GMA的适度接种有效地增强了PLA和竹粉之间的界面粘附.
修改后的PLA显著提高了竹塑料复合材料的整体性能,包括机械强度和耐水性.
这项研究为设计具有量身定制属性的高性能,环保的WPC提供了基础.

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