集中治疗室再接收和死亡风险预测:多医院模型的通用性
Tariq A Dam1,2,3, Daan de Bruin3, Giovanni Cinà3,4,5
1Department of Intensive Care, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Journal of intensive medicine
|November 3, 2025
概括
针对重症监护室 (ICU) 再入院的多医院机器学习模型的表现与本地模型相比,特别是当排除心脏手术患者时. 这种方法有可能在预测患者结果方面具有更广泛的适用性.
科学领域:
- 临床信息学 临床信息学
- 医疗保健中的机器学习
- 预测分析是一种预测分析.
背景情况:
- 无意中重返重症监护室 (ICU) 与停留时间和死亡率的增加有关.
- 延迟的ICU放电可能表明资源利用效率低下.
- 机器学习模型越来越多地用于预测ICU再入院风险,但局部模型往往缺乏通用性.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估一个单一的,多医院的机器学习模型,用于预测ICU再接收风险.
- 评估与不同医院环境中的本地模型相比,聚合模型的通用性和性能.
- 确定影响不同患者群体再接收风险的关键特征.
主要方法:
- 这是一项回顾性多中心队列研究,使用来自三个医院的数据 (阿姆斯特丹大学医学中心,马斯斯塔德 Ziekenhuis,OLVG).
- 一个XGBoost模型被训练来预测7天再入院或死亡率.
- 用自动编码器作为分发之外的探测器来评估数据集异质性.
主要成果:
- 一个聚合模型在外部数据上实现了受体运行特征曲线 (AUC) 下的加权面积为71.1%±0.7%,与本地模型相比.
- 排除心脏手术患者改善了外部数据集的聚合模型的性能一致性.
- 专水平和氧疗法使用被确定为跨模型的关键预测特征.
结论:
- 一个多医院的机器学习模型在外部数据集上显示了与本地模型相似的性能,特别是在排除心脏手术患者之后.
- 在临床实施之前,外部模型预测可能需要对特定患者子组进行校准.
- 来自不同医院的数据汇集提高了模型稳定性,并为预测ICU再入院提供了更大的潜在好处.
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