在产科和妇科的微量营养素:迷你综述文章
1Dept. of Obs. & Gynae, Lord Buddha Koshi Medical College & Hospital, Saharsa, O/543, Sachivalya Colony, Kankarbagh, Patna, 800 020 Bihar India.
Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology of India
|November 3, 2025
概括
基本微量营养素对妇女的健康至关重要,尤其是在怀孕期间. 适当的摄入和补充,如多重微量营养素补充 (MMS),改善母亲和胎儿的结果,防止缺陷和出生缺陷.
科学领域:
- 生殖健康和营养生殖健康和营养
- 孕产妇和胎儿医学 孕产妇和胎儿医学
- 营养流行病学 营养流行病学
背景情况:
- 微量营养素对女性整体健康,生殖健康和怀孕结果至关重要.
- 缺乏必需的维生素和矿物质在全球普遍存在,与不良的孕产妇和胎儿状况有关,包括贫血,孕前和神经管缺陷 (NTD).
- 微量营养素状况可以影响成年人疾病的胎儿编程,并导致妇科疾病.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查微量营养素缺乏和补充对母亲和胎儿健康的影响.
- 为了确定在孕妇中普遍存在的微量营养素缺乏,特别是在印度.
- 评估不同补充策略的有效性,以改善妊娠结果.
主要方法:
- 对31篇最近的文章进行系统审查,包括队列研究和元分析.
- 在PubMed,谷歌学者和ScienceDirect数据库中进行文献搜索.
- 根据方法论的严谨性,选择了25篇相关文章.
主要成果:
- 铁,叶酸,维生素D,,和维生素B12缺乏症在孕妇中很常见,特别是在印度.
- 孕前补充叶酸可以预防大量的NTD;和维生素D可以降低孕前的风险.
- 多种微量营养素补充剂 (MMS) 在减少低出生体重和小于妊娠年龄的婴儿方面表现出比单独的铁叶酸更大的有效性.
结论:
- 最佳的孕产妇和胎儿健康需要足够的微量营养素摄入.
- 乳腺增殖是改善怀孕结果的有希望的干预措施,但需要量身定制的配方来防止过度补充.
- 未来的研究应该专注于营养相互作用,特定人群的要求和个性化的营养策略.
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