Jove
Visualize
联系我们
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
关于 JoVE
概览领导团队博客JoVE 帮助中心
作者
出版流程编辑委员会范围与政策同行评审常见问题投稿
图书馆员
用户评价订阅访问资源图书馆顾问委员会常见问题
研究
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments存档
教育
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab Manual教师资源中心教师网站
使用条款与条件
隐私政策
政策

相关概念视频

Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

780
Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...
780
Information Processing Approach01:30

Information Processing Approach

502
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
502
Impact of Schemas01:30

Impact of Schemas

188
Schemas are cognitive structures that provide a framework for interpreting and organizing social information. They help individuals navigate complex environments by offering expectations about people, events, and behaviors. Schemas influence attention, encoding, and retrieval processes, thereby shaping the entire trajectory of information processing in social contexts.Attention and Cognitive LoadDuring initial attention, schemas function as filters that prioritize schema-consistent information,...
188
Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development from Childhood into Adulthood01:25

Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development from Childhood into Adulthood

1.4K
Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development emphasizes the role of thinking in a child's learning process, suggesting that children are naturally curious about their environment. His approach to development is discontinuous, proposing that cognitive abilities progress through distinct stages, each with unique characteristics. Central to Piaget's theory is schemata—mental structures that allow individuals to understand and interpret the world.
Schemata: Building Blocks of Knowledge
1.4K
Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory01:22

Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory

551
Improving short-term memory can be achieved through techniques like chunking and rehearsal. Chunking involves organizing information into larger, more manageable units. This technique is particularly useful for information that exceeds the typical memory span of between five and nine items. For instance, logging into an online account with a password like "ta89vq0179gz" involves grouping letters and numbers into three chunks—ta89, vq01, and 79gz. It makes large amounts of...
551
Understanding Memory01:19

Understanding Memory

1.3K
Memory is the retention of information or experiences over time, facilitated through three main processes: encoding, storage, and retrieval. Encoding is the process of inputting information into the memory system. For instance, when listening to a lecture, watching a play, reading a book, or having a conversation, the brain is actively encoding information. This initial stage involves transforming sensory input into a form that can be processed and stored by the brain. Various factors, such as...
1.3K

您也可能阅读

相关文章

通过共同作者、期刊和引用图与本文相关的文章。

排序
Same author

Development of Uncertainty Sensitivity: Early Competence or Protracted Development?

Developmental science·2026
Same author

A little imprecision goes a long way in launching memory development.

Child development perspectives·2025
Same author

From Uncertainty to Performance Optimization: Longitudinal Insights Into Metacognitive Development.

Child development·2025
Same author

Algorithmic personalization of information can cause inaccurate generalization and overconfidence.

Journal of experimental psychology. General·2025
Same author

Perceptual Novelty Drives Early Exploration in a Bottom-Up Manner.

Developmental science·2025
Same author

Exploration, Distributed Attention, and Development of Category Learning.

Psychological science·2024
Same journal

Executive function and social behavior: Causal evidence from loading working memory and inhibitory control.

Journal of experimental psychology. General·2026
Same journal

Correction to "Your research is public engagement: A case for more intentional science communication in research with human subjects" by Vaughn (2026).

Journal of experimental psychology. General·2026
Same journal

Correction to "Costs and benefits of acting extraverted: A randomized controlled trial" by Jacques-Hamilton et al. (2019).

Journal of experimental psychology. General·2026
Same journal

Conveying (discrete) emotionality with novel words.

Journal of experimental psychology. General·2026
Same journal

Physical actions shape moral choices: Environment-directed movements reduce cheating in young children.

Journal of experimental psychology. General·2026
Same journal

From chunks to schemas: Learning in the Hebb repetition paradigm.

Journal of experimental psychology. General·2026
查看所有相关文章

相关实验视频

Updated: Jan 12, 2026

Assessing Working Memory in Children: The Comprehensive Assessment Battery for Children – Working Memory (CABC-WM)
09:05

Assessing Working Memory in Children: The Comprehensive Assessment Battery for Children – Working Memory (CABC-WM)

Published on: June 12, 2017

30.7K

工作记忆塑造了信息采样和在整个开发过程中注意力分配.

Qianqian Wan1, Vladimir M Sloutsky1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Ohio State University.

Journal of experimental psychology. General
|November 3, 2025
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

工作记忆的限制指导人们如何寻找信息. 当工作记忆受到影响时,成年人会更广泛地探索,类似于儿童,显示记忆力.

更多相关视频

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
07:01

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment

Published on: September 20, 2020

5.2K
A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
10:38

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions

Published on: July 16, 2015

14.0K

相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jan 12, 2026

Assessing Working Memory in Children: The Comprehensive Assessment Battery for Children – Working Memory (CABC-WM)
09:05

Assessing Working Memory in Children: The Comprehensive Assessment Battery for Children – Working Memory (CABC-WM)

Published on: June 12, 2017

30.7K
Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
07:01

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment

Published on: September 20, 2020

5.2K
A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
10:38

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions

Published on: July 16, 2015

14.0K

科学领域:

  • 认知发展 认知发展
  • 人类信息处理 人类信息处理
  • 认知心理学 认知心理学

背景情况:

  • 信息采样策略从童年到成年期发生了重大变化.
  • 现有的关于信息采样中的发育差异理论是不够的.
  • 工作记忆的约束被假设为儿童广泛信息采样的基础.

研究的目的:

  • 研究工作记忆在塑造信息采样策略中的作用.
  • 测试工作记忆负载是否会导致成年人更广泛的信息采样.
  • 要区分工作记忆的约束和通用任务障碍.

主要方法:

  • 成年参与者在不同的工作记忆负载条件下执行决策和类别学习任务 (双任务范式).
  • 在认知负载下分析了信息采样模式.
  • 计算建模用于评估信息编码,并与选择性注意力模型进行比较.

主要成果:

  • 在工作记忆负载下的成年人表现出更广泛的信息采样模式,类似于幼儿的信息采样模式.
  • 任务表现尽管增加了探索和分散注意力,但仍然取得了成功.
  • 计算模型表明在负载下编码更广泛的信息,而不是一般性损伤.

结论:

  • 工作记忆的局限性因果关系影响信息采样策略.
  • 信息采样中的发育转变可能是由工作记忆容量的变化驱动的.
  • 这些发现支持工作记忆约束模型,用于注意力和探索的发育变化.