通过物联网和人工智能增强慢性心力衰竭监测,预防和管理:系统文献综述
IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics
|November 3, 2025
概括
人工智能 (AI) 和物联网 (IoT) 的整合显示出对治疗慢性心力衰竭 (CHF) 的承诺. 然而,数据,可复制性和工作流集成方面的挑战需要解决,以便在现实世界中应用.
科学领域:
- 数字健康数字健康
- 生物医学信息学 生物医学信息学
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
背景情况:
- 慢性心力衰竭 (CHF) 构成了全球健康的重大负担,需要先进的技术解决方案,以持续,个性化的患者管理.
- 数字健康技术,特别是人工智能 (AI) 和物联网 (IoT),为监测,预防和实时临床决策支持提供了可扩展的策略.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和评估人工智能支持系统在慢性心力衰竭 (CHF) 和更广泛的心力衰竭 (HF) 护理中的技术和临床影响.
- 识别新兴趋势,分析数据集特征,探索物联网集成,并确定AI/IoT系统在高频管理中的障碍和机遇.
主要方法:
- 一个系统文献综述 (SLR),遵循系统综述和元分析 (PRISMA) 准则的首选报告项目.
- 分析了2021年1月至2024年5月期间发表的67项同行评审研究,重点关注HF护理中的AI/IoT应用.
主要成果:
- 人工智能和物联网的协同作用在高频检测,表型,分类和风险分层方面取得了进展.
- 确定的挑战包括数据集异质性,缺乏可重现性,不一致的基准测试,以及在临床工作流程中对物联网集成的有限探索.
结论:
- 虽然人工智能/物联网在高频护理中的集成正在推进,但在数据质量,模型解释性和无临床工作流集成方面仍然存在重大障碍.
- 建议包括利用多模式数据集,采用可解释的人工智能模型,促进跨学科合作,以提高临床适用性和现实世界的部署.
相关概念视频
01:22Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies
245
Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.
245
01:30Heart Failure V: Medical Management
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Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
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01:30Heart Failure VII: Nursing Interventions
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The first step in nursing management of a patient with heart failure involves thoroughly assessing the patient's medical history.Subjective Data: Obtain the patient's medical history of coronary artery disease, hypertension, myocardial infarction, and symptoms like dyspnea, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.Objective Data: Conduct a physical examination to identify findings such as jugular vein distention, pulmonary crackles, tachycardia, murmurs, peripheral edema, and vital signs,...
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01:27Heart Failure I: Introduction
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Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
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01:26Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System
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The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
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01:29Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology
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Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
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