患有复发性尿路感染的儿童:他们是谁,为什么我们需要更好的预防方案?
Virginie Boulanger1, Hubert Vincent1, Zineb Laghdir1
1Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC, Canada.
BMC pediatrics
|November 3, 2025
概括
儿童的反复性尿路感染 (rUTIs) 往往源于潜在的疾病. 抗生素预防经常被使用,但其有效性有限,并有助于抗菌素耐药性,突出显示需要新的预防策略.
科学领域:
- 儿科泌尿外科 儿科泌尿外科
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
背景情况:
- 在儿童中,反复发生的尿路感染 (rUTIs) 会导致脏痕和慢性脏病的风险.
- 目前针对RUTIs的抗生素预防有争议的好处,并有助于抗菌素耐药性.
- 需要采取替代干预措施来预防RUTIs,并识别有风险的儿科人群.
研究的目的:
- 描述易受RUTI感染的儿科患者群体.
- 描述因长时间使用抗生素而导致的脏痕和不良事件.
- 评价患有RUTIs的儿童的抗菌药物使用和耐药性模式.
主要方法:
- 对107名患有RUTI的儿科患者进行了回顾性图表审查.
- 从2015年1月到2020年12月在一个泌尿外科诊所收集的数据.
- 分析潜在的尿路异常,功能障碍和抗菌素耐药性.
主要成果:
- 常见的潜在疾病包括膀外流 (42%),神经性膀 (31%) 和双重收集系统 (22%).
- 87%的患者接受了抗微生物预防,但70%的突破性RUTIs显示药物耐药性.
- 41%的突破性感染表现出多种药物耐药性,这表明存在重大治疗挑战.
结论:
- 在儿童中,抗生素预防RUTI并非普遍有效,并且与不良事件有关.
- 该研究强调,迫切需要制定新的RUTI预防策略,以应对日益增长的抗菌素耐药性.
- 识别易感儿科群体对于开发有针对性的非抗菌药物干预措施至关重要.
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