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在癌症治疗中使用抗体-药物结合剂:当前的情况,挑战和未来的方向

Bonan Chen^1,2,3, Xiaohong Zheng⁴, Jialin Wu^1,2,3

¹Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Molecular cancer

|November 4, 2025

概括

抗体与药物合物 (ADC) 通过将抗体与强效药物结合,提供向癌症治疗. 本综述涵盖了ADC设计,临床使用,挑战和改善瘤治疗的未来创新.

科学领域:

在瘤学瘤学.
药理学药理学是指药理学的学科.
生物技术是生物技术.

背景情况:

抗体-药物合物 (ADC) 代表了癌症治疗的重大进步,将抗体驱动的向与强大的细胞毒性有效载荷融合在一起.
ADCs利用抗体的特异性直接向癌细胞输送细胞毒剂,增强治疗疗效并最大限度地降低全身毒性.

研究的目的:

提供对抗体药物联合体 (ADC) 的全面概述,包括它们的分子设计,作用机制,临床应用和未来方向.
分析ADCs的关键结构成分 - - 抗体,链接剂和有效载荷 - - 以及它们对药物动力学特性,瘤选择性和治疗指数的影响.

主要方法:

审查关于ADC设计,临床前研究和临床试验的现有文献.
分析参与ADC功能的机械路径,包括抗原识别,内化,有效载荷释放和免疫细胞死亡 (ICD) 的诱导.
检查各种恶性瘤中已批准的ADC和研究管道中的临床数据.

主要成果:

ADCs在治疗血液和固体瘤方面表现出显著的疗效,15个FDA批准和越来越多的研究药物的管道证明了这一点.
关键的挑战包括抗原异质性,耐药性机制的发展,非目标毒性和制造复杂性.
新兴的创新,如双特异性ADC,免疫刺激有效载荷,人工智能驱动的设计,和纳米技术准备提高ADC的性能.

结论:

在瘤学中,ADC是一种强大的治疗方式,不断的创新正在扩大其潜力.
解决抗原向,耐药性,毒性和制造方面的挑战对于优化ADC治疗至关重要.
未来的方向强调精确诊断,理性组合策略和新型ADC设计,用于下一代癌症治疗.

关键词:

抗体与药物的结合物.药物耐药性药物耐药性药物耐药性纳米技术纳米技术实用载荷的设计.有针对性的癌症治疗.

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