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上下注意力对情感集体感知的影响:以恐惧为导向的注意力导致谨慎的决策
Hilary H T Ngai1, Jingwen Jin1,2
1Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Affective science
|November 4, 2025
概括
了解注意力如何影响情绪感知是关键. 这项研究揭示了自上而下的和自下而上的注意力对处理群体情绪,特别是恐惧的明显影响,影响决策速度和证据积累.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
背景情况:
- 对环境情绪线索的准确感知对于社会导航和安全至关重要.
- 感知决策受到内部目标 (自上而下的注意力) 和外部刺激 (自下而上的注意力) 的影响.
- 这些注意力机制对感知多种刺激的集体情绪 (整体情绪) 的具体影响尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查如何上下和下向上的注意力不同地影响集体情绪的感知.
- 用漂移扩散建模揭示了这些注意力效应背后的计算机制.
- 确定这些影响是否特定于特定的情绪,如恐惧.
主要方法:
- 一个涉及95名参与者的行为实验,判断视觉合奏的平均情绪.
- 通过设定与恐惧相关的决策任务来操纵自上而下的注意力.
- 操纵自下而上的注意力,包括在合奏中高度可怕的刺激.
- 应用漂移扩散建模来分析决策过程.
主要成果:
- 底层向上的注意力 (高度可怕的刺激) 增加了将合奏视为可怕的可能性和速度,增强了证据的积累.
- 上下注意力 (与恐惧相关的决策) 降低了将合奏视为恐惧的可能性和速度,需要更多证据来证明恐惧决策 (更广泛的边界分离).
- 这些注意力效应被发现是唯一的恐惧情绪.
结论:
- 上向下和下向上的注意力机制对整体情绪感知和决策产生不同的影响.
- 恐惧特有的注意力效应突出了注意力和情绪处理之间的微妙相互作用.
- 这些发现有助于理解感官集成,并对社会和临床心理学产生影响.
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