微生物组是炎症性肠病的答案吗:系统性审查
Devansh Shah1,2, Fiona Phan3, Zirong Yu4
1Department of Colorectal Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Corner Hawkesbury Road and Darcy Roads, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia.
Langenbeck's archives of surgery
|November 4, 2025
概括
炎症性肠病 (IBD) 与肠道微生物群的变化有关,包括减少多样性和细菌群体的变化. 需要进一步的研究,以了解这些微生物组变化的确切作用在IBD病原体.
科学领域:
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
- 微生物组研究 微生物组研究
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 炎症性肠病 (IBD),包括克罗恩病 (CD) 和性结肠炎 (UC),具有未知的发病因子.
- 遗传学,环境因素和肠道微生物组都与IBD有关.
- 肠道功能障碍是IBD的一个特征,但其确切作用尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 与健康对照组 (HC) 相比,审查和综合有关IBD患者胃肠道微生物组的观察性研究的发现.
- 确定与IBD相关的微生物多样性和组成的特定变化.
主要方法:
- 在Medline和Embase进行了系统的文献搜索,直到2025年1月.
- 包括的研究比较IBD患者 (便,粘膜活检,唾液或口腔抹布样本) 与HC.
- 排除了与<10名IBD患者的研究,没有HC比较,或与感染或药物等混因素相关的研究.
主要成果:
- 大多数83项研究报告IBD的α和β多样性减少,特别是在CD中.
- 在IBD中观察到有益的酸盐产生的Firmicutes (例如,Faecalibacterium prausnitzii) 的耗尽和Bacteroidetes的减少.
- 在IBD患者中观察到蛋白质细菌和肠杆菌菌的增加.
结论:
- 在IBD中,肠道微生物群的特点是生物多样性减少,在CD中更明显,病原细菌增加,有益细菌减少.
- 发现了微生物组与IBD之间的显著关联.
- 驱动这些关联的确切机制,包括因果关系和与宿主免疫学的相互作用,需要进一步阐明.
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