肥胖作为自身免疫性疾病的危险因素:系统性审查和元分析
Ilaria Spatocco1, Giorgia Mele1, Giusy De Rosa2
1Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università Degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy.
Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)
|November 4, 2025
概括
肥胖显著增加了发展自身免疫性疾病的风险,如类风湿性关节炎和牛皮. 这一元分析证实肥胖是自身免疫的风险因素,强调了对特定疾病的进一步研究的需要.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 肥胖是一种促炎症状态,与不良健康结果有关.
- 肥胖和自身免疫性疾病之间的关系仍然不完全理解.
- 现有研究提出了关于肥胖在自身免疫力中的作用的相互矛盾的证据.
研究的目的:
- 系统地评估肥胖与自身免疫性疾病的流行和发病率之间的关联.
- 综合现有研究的结果,使用元分析来澄清肥胖与自身免疫的联系.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed和Embase进行了全面的文献搜索.
- 来自26项研究的数据 (8项横截面,18项纵向) 使用元分析技术进行了聚合.
- 调整后的几率比率 (OR) 和危险比率 (HR) 具有95%的置信区间 (CI),用于计算肥胖 (BMI > 30) 与正常体重 (BMI < 25) 的比率.
主要成果:
- 肥胖与类风湿性关节炎 (OR=1.11) 和牛皮 (OR=1.35) 的患病率增加有关.
- 肥胖增加了患类风湿性关节炎 (HR=1.30),牛皮 (HR=1.18),多发性硬化症 (HR=1.49) 和克罗恩氏/性结肠炎 (HR=1.35) 的风险.
- 在肥胖和任何自身免疫性疾病的发病率之间发现了显著的关联 (HR=1.41).
结论:
- 总体证据强烈支持肥胖是发展自身免疫性疾病的重要风险因素.
- 虽然对个体疾病的最终结论需要进一步调查,但总体数据强调了肥胖对自身免疫的公共卫生影响.
- 需要进一步的研究来阐明将肥胖与各种自身免疫性疾病联系在一起的具体机制.
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