在药量计学研究和教育中使用非MEM编码的AI:捷径还是陷?
Wenhao Zheng1, Wanbing Wang2,3, Carl M J Kirkpatrick4
1Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
大型语言模型 (LLM) 在生成用于药量计建模的NONMEM代码方面表现有前途,OpenAI模型在使用优化提示时表现出色. 人类监督对复杂模型至关重要,并防止AI过度依赖药量学教育.
科学领域:
- 药量测量和计算科学 药量测量和计算科学
- 人工智能在药物开发中的作用
- 临床药理学建模模型
背景情况:
- 药量计建模依赖于复杂的编码,通常使用NONMEM,这是一项重大挑战.
- 人工智能 (AI),特别是大型语言模型 (LLM),为自动化和简化NONMEM代码生成提供了潜在的解决方案.
- 评估LLM能力对于将AI整合到药量计工作流程中至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估七个LLM在生成各种药量测量任务的NONMEM代码方面的表现.
- 开发和实施标准化的评分表和优化的提示,以提高LLM的准确性.
- 为了对目前的LLM在NONMEM编码方面的能力进行基准测试,并探索AI在药量学教育中的作用.
主要方法:
- 在13个药理测量任务中评估了7个LLM,包括人口药理动力学 (PK) 和药理动力学 (PD) 模型.
- 开发了一个标准化的评分表,以客观地评估生成的NONMEM代码的准确性.
- 创建并使用了一个优化的提示符,旨在提高代码生成中的LLM性能.
主要成果:
- 使用优化提示符,OpenAI o1和gpt-4.1模型在生成所有测试任务的NONMEM代码方面表现出最高的准确性.
- 实际上,LLM有效地产生了基本的NONMEM模型结构,作为药量计编码的基础.
- 用户审查和改进对于复杂的模型,专用数据集和高级编码技术至关重要.
结论:
- 通过自动化NONMEM代码生成,LLM显示了支持药量计建模的巨大潜力,特别是对于基础模型结构.
- 优化的提示提升了LLM的准确性,但人类的专业知识仍然是复杂场景的必不可少,并确保在药理学中负责任地使用AI.
- 这项研究为LLM在NONMEM编码中的表现建立了基准,并为AI在药量学研究和教育中的整合提供了实际策略.
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