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从森林树木中储存和出口大气中的Hg,Pb,Al和细颗粒物 (PM2.5)
1Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Dartmouth College, 19 Fayerweather Hill Road, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States.
Environmental science & technology
|November 4, 2025
概括
成熟的森林树木作为长期的碳汇,在几十年内保留大气中的细颗粒物 (PM2.5) 和金属,如 (Hg) 和 (Pb). 这种存储的遗留物质缓慢释放,影响森林树冠生物地质化学循环.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 生物地质化学生物地质化学
- 森林生态 森林生态
背景情况:
- 森林的树冠拦截了大气沉积,但沉积的细颗粒物 (PM2.5) 和金属的长期存储和循环并未完全理解.
- 成熟的树木在十年时间内保留大气污染物方面发挥着至关重要的作用,作为 (Hg), (Pb) 和 (Al) 等元素的重要储.
研究的目的:
- 量化大气沉积的保留和储存,包括PM2.5和金属,在成熟森林的树冠上.
- 研究森林植物圈内金属积累和释放的机制和时间表.
- 推进对森林生态系统中金属生物地球化学循环的理解,考虑遗留污染物.
主要方法:
- 使用全树库存和质量平衡方法来评估穿越和垃圾的流量.
- 量化了湿和干沉积对PM2.5和金属的保留效率.
- 分析了非叶组织 (,,树皮,树木土壤) 在储存遗留污染物的作用,以及溶解有机碳 (DOC) 和细颗粒有机物 (FPOM) 在释放的影响.
主要成果:
- 成熟的森林树木表现出大气沉积的强烈保留,在十年时间范围内储存PM2.5和金属 (Hg,Pb,Al).
- 湿和干沉积被保持在相似的效率 (分别为56%和52%).
- 森林植物圈可以储存10-100倍的当代Hg和Pb流作为过去排放的遗留污染物,通过DOC和FPOM调解释放.
结论:
- 森林树冠充当大气金属的长期沉,在几十年的时间范围内储存遗留污染物.
- 植物圈在金属的生态化学循环中起着至关重要的作用,涉及大量的储存,交换和释放过程.
- 了解这些长期储存动态对于评估历史工业排放对森林生态系统的影响至关重要.
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