在泛北极沿海连续体中,热带的变化
Nathan D McTigue1,2, Katrin Iken1, Ashley Ehrman3
1College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States of America.
PloS one
|November 4, 2025
概括
随着气候变化增加陆地有机物输入,北极食物网正在转变. 沿海生态系统表现出"陆地化"的特征,影响海洋生物,并表明消费者适应变暖的热带可塑性.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 生物地质化学生物地质化学
- 气候变化科学 气候变化科学
背景情况:
- 稳定同位素分析 (δ13C和δ15N) 对于理解北极食物网的动态至关重要.
- 沿海北极生态系统面临着重大的环境变化,包括海冰减少和有机物输入的改变.
- 之前的研究已经强调了区域差异,但缺乏对同位素趋势的泛北极时间和空间综合.
研究的目的:
- 在泛北极沿海生态系统中检测稳定的碳和同位素的大规模时间和空间趋势.
- 检查在不同的北极海岸景观中微粒有机物和关键消费者群体中的同位素模式.
- 评估气候变暖和陆地有机物流入对北极沿海食物网的影响.
主要方法:
- 从1999年到2022年,在34个现场活动中分析了超过12,000个稳定同位素 (δ13C,δ15N) 数据点.
- 将沿海息地分为四个"海岸景观":峡湾,湖,货架和海峡进行比较分析.
- 检查海藻和沉积物颗粒有机物 (pPOM,sPOM) 和四个消费者群体 (储物食者,机会主义者/掠食者,捕食者,悬浮食者) 的同位素特征.
主要成果:
- 在北极海岸的pPOM (2.1 ‰/十年) 和sPOM (2.2 ‰/十年) 中都观察到13C耗尽的显著趋势.
- 消费者表现出 δ13C 值的平行下降,这表明他们吸收了缺乏 13C 的来源,可能是陆地有机物质.
- 跨消费群体和海岸景观的重叠同位素组成揭示了广泛的δ13C范围,这意味着各种有机物质来源的同化.
结论:
- 北极沿海食物网越来越受到陆地有机物的影响,这种现象被称为"陆地化",由淡水输入,海岸侵蚀和减少海冰驱动.
- 北极的消费者表现出显著的食用可塑性,适应不断变化的食物来源,并表明沿海食物网对气候变暖的明确反应.
- 该研究提供了一个全面的泛北极气候图,突出了气候变化对基本生态系统过程和食物网结构的普遍影响.
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