相关实验视频

Updated: Jan 12, 2026

Predicting Treatment Response to Image-Guided Therapies Using Machine Learning: An Example for Trans-Arterial Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Predicting Treatment Response to Image-Guided Therapies Using Machine Learning: An Example for Trans-Arterial Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Published on: October 10, 2018

使用机器学习预测成年患者的尿液培养结果,目的是减少不必要的尿液培养

Anneroos W Boerman^1,2, Manon M van Ingen², Hans H M Schotman²

¹Section General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Location VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

The journal of applied laboratory medicine

|November 5, 2025

概括

机器学习模型准确预测尿液培养结果,可能减少不必要的测试和抗生素使用. 这种预测模型在开发和外部验证阶段都表现出强的表现.

科学领域:

医疗信息学医疗信息学
医疗保健中的机器学习
诊断的准确性诊断的准确性

背景情况:

尿液培养经常被订购,但通常会产生负面结果.
预测模型可以改善诊断决策,减少不必要的抗生素处方.
减少不必要的尿液培养提高了医疗保健的质量.

研究的目的:

开发和验证用于预测尿液培养结果的机器学习模型.
评估模型在现实世界临床环境中的性能.
探索减少不必要的尿液培养和抗生素治疗的潜力.

主要方法:

使用来自阿姆斯特丹大学医学中心 (2019-2021) 的数据开发了一种极端梯度增强 (XGBoost) 模型.
在VU医学中心 (VUmc) 队列上进行了模型开发和内部验证.
对学术医学中心 (AMC) 队列进行了外部验证,包括所有成人患者部门.

主要成果:

这项研究包括两个队伍的18000多种尿液培养.
阳性尿液培养率为19.4% (VUmc) 和12.0% (AMC).
XGBoost模型实现了0.834 (VUmc) 和0.800 (AMC) 的AUROC,表明了强大的预测性能.

结论:

开发的XGBoost模型有效预测尿液培养结果,并在外部验证期间保持性能.
包括所有成年患者部门在内扩大了适用性,但需要进一步验证.
在临床实施之前建议进行前性评估,以减少不必要的尿液培养.

更多相关视频

Introduction of an Integrated Pathology Image Management, Artificial Intelligence, and Reporting System

Introduction of an Integrated Pathology Image Management, Artificial Intelligence, and Reporting System

Published on: July 11, 2025

Supervised Machine Learning for Semi-Quantification of Extracellular DNA in Glomerulonephritis

Supervised Machine Learning for Semi-Quantification of Extracellular DNA in Glomerulonephritis

Published on: June 18, 2020

相关概念视频

Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test

Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test

A urine culture and sensitivity test is a diagnostic procedure used to identify urinary tract bacterial infections and determine the most effective antibiotics for treatment. This test is generally preferred when a patient shows manifestations of a urinary tract infection, such as frequent or painful urination, cloudy or foul-smelling urine, or lower abdominal pain.Purpose of the TestThe primary goals of a urine culture and sensitivity test are to:Determine the specific bacteria causing the...

Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management

Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management

In managing urinary tract infections (UTIs) in nursing, a comprehensive assessment is essential. Begin by gathering subjective data, such as the patient’s complaints of dysuria (painful urination), urinary frequency, urgency, suprapubic pain, and any lower abdominal discomfort. This information can be complemented by questions regarding previous UTIs, sexual activity, and personal hygiene practices, which can provide insight into risk factors. Objective assessment should focus on signs...

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...