在奥地利实施后,Nirsevimab和RSVpreF疫苗的接受和影响
Michaela Höck1, Wegene Borena2, Jürgen Brunner3
1Department of Pediatrics II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
Frontiers in public health
|November 5, 2025
概括
呼吸道同胞病毒 (RSV) 免疫策略,包括nirsevimab和母体RSVpreF疫苗接种,在奥地利蒂罗尔州显著减少了婴儿住院. 提高认识对于改善这些重要的公共卫生措施至关重要.
科学领域:
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 奥地利在2023/2024年为婴儿免疫接种和母亲RSVpreF疫苗接种引入了nirsevimab.
- 关于这些RSV预防策略在奥地利的接受度和影响的现实数据以前没有.
研究的目的:
- 评估Nirsevimab和母体RSVpreF疫苗接种在2024/2025赛季在奥地利蒂罗尔的接受度和影响.
- 分析RSV免疫率,并将RSV相关的住院数据与大流行前的季节进行比较.
主要方法:
- 从2024年12月到2025年4月,对泰罗尔的三个分娩室活产的回顾性分析.
- 对nirsevimab和母体RSVpreF疫苗的免疫率的评估.
- 与RSV相关的婴儿住院病例 (频率,持续时间) 与大流行前数据的比较.
主要成果:
- 总体来说,RSV免疫覆盖率达到了近70% (57%的尼尔塞维马布,12%的母体RSVpreF).
- 在1岁以下的婴儿中,与RSV相关的住院病例显著下降,从151次降至47次.
- 住院婴儿的中位数年龄更高,住院时间更短;没有接受过尼尔塞维玛布,只有一个出生于接种了疫苗的母亲.
结论:
- 尼尔塞维马布和母体RSVpreF疫苗接种都显示出对减少RSV住院治疗的积极影响.
- 加强公众意识和教育是提高免疫率的必要条件.
- 加强免疫计划对于更好的儿科保护和减少RSV相关的发病率至关重要.
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