声学线索权重的年龄相关变化,用于成年听众对情绪性前奏曲的识别
Monita Chatterjee1, Aditya M Kulkarni, Jessica Combs
1Auditory Prostheses & Perception Laboratory, Center for Hearing Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
Ear and hearing
|November 5, 2025
概括
年长的成年人表现出使用语音和持续时间线索来识别言语中的情绪的能力降低. 这种与年龄相关的情感前奏感知下降部分是由于处理音调变化的困难.
科学领域:
- 听觉感知是一种听觉感知.
- 人类的衰老 人类的衰老
- 语音处理 语音处理
背景情况:
- 随着年龄的增长,情绪化前感知会下降,但潜在的机制尚不清楚.
- 包括耳植入物使用者在内的老年人听力损失可能会影响情绪化表象的识别.
- 了解随着年龄的增长而发生的提示权重变化对于解释这些下降至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查语音调,持续时间和强度线索如何在不同年龄段被权衡以进行情绪化前奏的识别.
- 检查光谱降解 (模仿耳植入物) 如何影响老年人中的提示权重.
- 使用自然语言,将提示权重模式与情感表达物识别表现相关联.
主要方法:
- 通过使用正向操纵的刺激 (音调,持续时间,强度) 评估快乐/悲伤情绪的提示权重.
- 使用后勤回归来分析提示权重系数和响应时间.
- 包括50名成年人 (19-72岁) 具有典型的低频听力;一些人有高频听力损失.
主要成果:
- 显著的年龄相关下降权重的语音和持续时间线索的情感prosody.
- 高频听力损失和光谱-时间退化减少了音调暗示的利用.
- 观察到与年龄相关的反应时间增加和冲突效应.
- 音调提示权重部分介导了与年龄相关的情感前奏识别的下降.
结论:
- 在听力良好的人群中,经证实与年龄相关的情感表情识别下降.
- 衰老会对获得动态语音音调的情感识别线索产生负面影响.
- 情感前奏识别与年龄相关的下降与使用音调线索的能力降低有关.
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