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相关概念视频

Auditory Perception01:17

Auditory Perception

1.0K
The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the...
1.0K
Auditory Pathway01:15

Auditory Pathway

7.1K
Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking...
7.1K
Hair Cells01:22

Hair Cells

44.3K
Hair cells are the sensory receptors of the auditory system—they transduce mechanical sound waves into electrical energy that the nervous system can understand. Hair cells are located in the organ of Corti within the cochlea of the inner ear, between the basilar and tectorial membranes. The actual sensory receptors are called inner hair cells. The outer hair cells serve other functions, such as sound amplification in the cochlea, and are not discussed in detail here.
44.3K
The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

50.4K
The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
50.4K
GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity01:09

GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity

7.3K
Some GPCRs transmit signals through adenylyl cyclase (AC), a transmembrane enzyme. AC helps synthesize second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). AC catalyzes cyclization reaction and converts ATP to cAMP by releasing a pyrophosphate. The pyrophosphate is further hydrolyzed to phosphate by the enzyme pyrophosphatase, which drives cAMP synthesis to completion. However, cAMP is rapidly degraded to 5′ AMP by the enzymes phosphodiesterase (PDE), preventing overstimulation of...
7.3K
G-Protein Gated Ion Channels01:21

G-Protein Gated Ion Channels

5.5K
GPCRs are primarily responsible for our sense of smell, taste, and vision.  The binding of a sensory stimulus activates GPCR to stimulate effector proteins, many of which are ion channels in the sensory organs. GPCRs modulate the opening and closing of the target ion channels either directly by binding them, or by releasing second messengers that activate these channels. As ions move across the membrane, the membrane potential is altered, which induces an appropriate response.
Sensory...
5.5K

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jan 12, 2026

Morphological and Functional Evaluation of Ribbon Synapses at Specific Frequency Regions of the Mouse Cochlea
09:54

Morphological and Functional Evaluation of Ribbon Synapses at Specific Frequency Regions of the Mouse Cochlea

Published on: May 10, 2019

12.6K

强力感应GPCR LPHN2对于正常的听觉功能是不可或缺的.

Shu-Hua Zhou1, Ming-Wei Wang2, Zhi-Chen Song3

  • 1NHC Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, and New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China; Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.

Cell reports
|November 5, 2025
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

研究人员发现,G蛋白结合受体LPHN2对于听力至关重要. LPHN2与TMC1通道进行物理相互作用,使机电转导成为可能,并防止小鼠的听力损失.

关键词:
在CP:神经科学.耳毛细胞是耳的毛细胞.在GPCR中,GPCR是指GPCR.在 LPHN2 的情况下,LPHN2在MET中,MET是MET.听到 听到 听到 听到 听到 听到 听到机械敏感的机械敏感的

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Optogenetic Stimulation of the Auditory Nerve
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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jan 12, 2026

Morphological and Functional Evaluation of Ribbon Synapses at Specific Frequency Regions of the Mouse Cochlea
09:54

Morphological and Functional Evaluation of Ribbon Synapses at Specific Frequency Regions of the Mouse Cochlea

Published on: May 10, 2019

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Optogenetic Stimulation of the Auditory Nerve
10:53

Optogenetic Stimulation of the Auditory Nerve

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Pupillometry to Assess Auditory Sensation in Guinea Pigs
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科学领域:

  • 神经科学是一个神经科学.
  • 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科
  • 分子生物学分子生物学

背景情况:

  • 机电传导 (MET) 将机械力转化为电信号,这对听力至关重要.
  • G蛋白结合受体 (GPCR) 参与各种细胞过程,但它们在听觉转导中的作用尚未完全理解.

研究的目的:

  • 研究GPCR LPHN2/ADGRL2在听觉感知和机电传导中的作用.
  • 阐明LPHN2影响耳毛细胞中MET通道的机制.

主要方法:

  • 在小鼠中利用了毛细胞特异性基因缺陷模型.
  • 使用特定的LPHN2抑制剂来评估MET反应.
  • 使用生物物理技术研究LPHN2和TMC1之间的物理相互作用.
  • 分析了离子 (Ca2+) 反应和神经递质释放.

主要成果:

  • LPHN2在耳毛细胞立体中表达,并与MET通道组件相关联.
  • 毛细胞中的LPHN2缺乏导致听力损失和MET反应受损.
  • LPHN2与TMC1进行物理相互作用,在施加力时诱导形状变化.
  • LPHN2的激活刺激了Ca2+的反应和神经递质的释放,其表达防止了缺陷小鼠的听力损失.

结论:

  • GPCR LPHN2 在听觉过程中起着重要的调节作用.
  • LPHN2通过一个与TMC1通道合的机制来起作用,用于力传感.
  • 这一发现为了解听力背后的分子机制以及听力损失的潜在治疗点提供了洞察力.