DLLT:一种双层LSTM变压器模型,用于插电式混合动力电动汽车的实时能源和动力学预测
Xuezhao Zhang1, Zijie Chen2, Xiaofen Fang1,2
1Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Quzhou College of Technology, Quzhou, Zhejiang, China.
PloS one
|November 5, 2025
概括
这项研究引入了一种新的AI模型,用于预测插电式混合动力电动汽车 (PHEV) 的能源消耗. 该模型准确地预测了燃料消耗和驾驶动态,这对于生态驾驶策略至关重要.
科学领域:
- 汽车工程 汽车工程
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 可持续的运输可持续的运输
背景情况:
- 插电式混合动力电动汽车 (PHEV) 通过结合电力和汽油动力来减少排放,克服续航里程的焦虑.
- 关于PHEV能耗的现有研究主要针对动力系统设计和能源管理,往往忽视驾驶员行为的影响.
- 司机行为显著影响现实世界的PHEV能效,需要先进的建模技术.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种新的深度学习模型,用于实时预测多模式PHEV的能源消耗和驾驶动态.
- 准确地建模各种驾驶和制动行为对PHEV能源效率的影响.
- 为了增强环保驾驶行为分析和智能能源管理系统的PHEV.
主要方法:
- 提出了一种双层LSTM-变压器模型 (DLLT),集成用于模式集群的长短期内存 (LSTM) 和用于能源消耗回归的变压器网络.
- 该模型利用从现实世界PHEV驾驶场景中收集的多维时间序列数据.
- 使用分层架构来适应各种驾驶和制动模式,提高预测准确度.
主要成果:
- 在预测车辆操作模式方面,DLLT模型实现了93%的准确性.
- 在前所未见的条件下,该模型表现出高预测性能,燃料消耗为0.99,加速为0.86,电力为0.81的R2值.
- 在所有评估指标中,DLLT的表现优于现有的模型,并展示了强大的概括能力.
结论:
- 该DLLT模型准确地预测PHEV的能源消耗和驾驶动态,考虑驾驶员的行为.
- 它的高精度和通用化潜力使其适用于PHEV环保驾驶分析和智能能源管理.
- 该模型对未来在自动驾驶控制策略中的应用充满希望,以提高效率.
相关概念视频
Batteries and Fuel Cells
30.7K
A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
30.7K
Energy Losses in Transformers
1.3K
In an ideal transformer, it is assumed that there are no energy losses, and, hence, all the power at the primary winding is transferred to the secondary winding. However, in reality, the transformers always have some energy losses, and, hence, the output power obtained at the secondary winding is less than the input power at the primary winding due to energy losses.
There are four main reasons for energy losses in transformers.
The first cause can be the high resistance of the...
There are four main reasons for energy losses in transformers.
The first cause can be the high resistance of the...
1.3K
Design Example: Automobile Ignition System
521
The automobile's ignition system plays a vital role by ensuring the timely ignition of the fuel-air mixture in each cylinder. This ignition is facilitated by a spark plug, which is composed of two electrodes separated by an air gap. A spark forms across this air gap when a substantial voltage is generated between the electrodes, leading to the ignition of the fuel.
One can generate a large voltage using a car battery of 12 volts with the help of inductors. Inductors are known for opposing...
One can generate a large voltage using a car battery of 12 volts with the help of inductors. Inductors are known for opposing...
521
Energy and Power Signals
1.1K
In an electrical system with a resistor, voltage and current signals facilitate the measurement of power and energy across the resistor. For a continuous-time signal, the total energy over a time interval is defined as the integral of the square of the signal's magnitude over that interval. Mathematically, this is expressed as:
1.1K
Linear Approximation in Frequency Domain
341
Linear systems are characterized by two main properties: superposition and homogeneity. Superposition allows the response to multiple inputs to be the sum of the responses to each individual input. Homogeneity ensures that scaling an input by a scalar results in the response being scaled by the same scalar.
In contrast, nonlinear systems do not inherently possess these properties. However, for small deviations around an operating point, a nonlinear system can often be approximated as linear....
In contrast, nonlinear systems do not inherently possess these properties. However, for small deviations around an operating point, a nonlinear system can often be approximated as linear....
341
State Space Representation
515
The frequency-domain technique, commonly used in analyzing and designing feedback control systems, is effective for linear, time-invariant systems. However, it falls short when dealing with nonlinear, time-varying, and multiple-input multiple-output systems. The time-domain or state-space approach addresses these limitations by utilizing state variables to construct simultaneous, first-order differential equations, known as state equations, for an nth-order system.
Consider an RLC circuit, a...
Consider an RLC circuit, a...
515
