回溯期长度对索赔数据库中疾病发病率估计的影响
Clémentine Vabre1, Baptiste Pitel1, Gwenaël Goussiaume2
1Heva, Lyon, France.
Journal of epidemiology and population health
|November 5, 2025
概括
使用索赔数据估计疾病发病率需要仔细选择回顾期. 较短的周期高估了心力衰竭,慢性肝病和艾滋病毒/艾滋病的发生率,影响了准确性.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 索赔数据库对于研究疾病和并发症患病率非常有价值.
- 然而,由于这些数据库中没有准确的诊断日期,这给发生率估计带来了挑战.
- 准确的发病率数据对于了解疾病负担和为公共卫生战略提供信息至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估不同回顾期对心力衰竭 (HF),慢性肝病和艾滋病毒/艾滋病的发病率估计的影响.
- 在风险的法国成年人群中使用不同的回顾期来量化过高估计的发病率.
主要方法:
- 一项使用法国国家健康数据系统 (SNDS) 数据的回顾性纵向观察性研究.
- 通过在回顾期 (3-57个月) 中排除具有疾病标准的患者来确定事件病例.
- 对每一个回顾期的长度计算出事件群体的高估值.
主要成果:
- 一年后的回顾期导致HF的高估值为20.3%,慢性肝病为19.2%,艾滋病毒/艾滋病为12.0%.
- 在HF的3.75年,慢性肝病的2.5年和HIV/AIDS的1.75年达到5%的高估值值.
- 过高估计的程度因特定疾病和回顾期的长度而有显著差异.
结论:
- 选择合适的回顾期是索赔数据库研究中的一个关键的方法考虑.
- 发病率估计对回顾期长度敏感,需要仔细验证.
- 研究结果强调,在使用声明数据进行流行病学研究时,需要进行疾病特异性调整.
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