在COVID-19患者中吞功能恶化:一种倾向性得分匹配的队列研究
Daiki Kobayashi1, Kazuhiro Ishikawa2,3, Koko Shibutani2
1Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, Japan.
Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan)
|November 5, 2025
概括
冠状病毒疾病 (COVID-19) 与老年患者的其他病毒性呼吸道感染相比,显著恶化了吞功能. 早期干预对于支持吞和潜在地缩短COVID-19幸存者的住院时间至关重要.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科
背景情况:
- 吞功能障碍是呼吸道感染的常见并发症,特别是在老年人中.
- 冠状病毒疾病 (COVID-19) 对吞功能相对于其他病毒感染的影响需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较COVID-19住院的老年患者的吞功能恶化的速度与其他病毒性呼吸道感染.
- 为了确定COVID-19和其他病毒感染之间吞障碍严重性的潜在差异.
主要方法:
- 进行了一项倾向性得分匹配的队列研究,对因病毒性呼吸道感染而入院的老年患者 (≥70岁) 进行了研究.
- 患有COVID-19的患者与患有其他病毒感染的患者进行了比较,但不包括患有细菌感染或无法服用口服药物的患者.
- 主要结局被定义为从接收到排出的食品质感类别的降级,表明吞恶化.
主要成果:
- 与其他病毒感染患者 (36.6%,p=0.04) 相比,COVID-19患者的吞恶化率 (44.7%) 显著更高.
- 在入院时食用完整饮食的患者中,COVID-19患者的吞恶化 (41.9%) 与其他病毒感染 (31.7%,p<0.01) 相比,增加了更多.
结论:
- 与其他病毒性呼吸道感染相比,COVID-19与老年患者的吞功能受损的风险明显更高.
- 这种吞恶化可能导致长时间住院,强调了早期支持性干预的必要性.
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