减少气溶污染减少了北大西洋和东北太平洋上的云反射
Knut von Salzen1,2, Ayodeji Akingunola3, Jason N S Cole3
1Department of Atmospheric and Climate Science, University of Washington, 408 Atmospheric Sciences-Geophysics (ATG) Building Box 351640, Seattle, 98195, WA, USA. kvsalzen@uw.edu.
Nature communications
|November 5, 2025
概括
海洋云的反射率显著下降,加速了地球的反射.
科学领域:
- 气候科学 气候科学
- 大气化学 大气化学
- 海洋学 海洋学 海洋学
背景情况:
- 全球太阳辐射反射已经下降,导致近几十年来地球系统的热积累增加.
- 海洋云的反射性在调节地球的能量平衡方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 观察到的趋势表明,反射回太空的太阳辐射减少了.
研究的目的:
- 量化北大西洋和东北太平洋海洋云反射的十年趋势.
- 将观察到的趋势与来自地球系统模型 (ESM) 的模拟进行比较.
- 确定海洋云反射率观察到的变化的驱动因素.
主要方法:
- 从2003年到2022年,对来自卫星的海洋云反射率数据进行分析.
- 将观察到的趋势与来自多个地球系统模型的模拟进行比较.
- 利用改进的气溶气候模型来模拟气溶云相互作用及其对云反射性的影响.
主要成果:
- 在北大西洋和东北太平洋 (2003-2022) 海洋云反射率每十年下降2.8±1.2%.
- 大多数地球系统模型低估了观察到的云反射率下降和随后的海面变暖.
- 二氧化硫和其他气溶前体的减少解释了69% (55-85%) 通过气溶-云相互作用观察到的云反射率下降.
结论:
- 观察到的海洋云反射率的下降主要是由于气溶排放的减少.
- 持续的排放减少表明云反射率下降和相关变暖的持续趋势.
- 地球系统模型可能需要修订,以准确地表示这些气溶-云相互作用及其气候影响.
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