海军声纳引发了嘴的无氧游泳步态
L M Martín López1,2,3, S Isojunno4, D Cade5
1SMRU, Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 8LB, UK. luciamartinaml@gmail.com.
Scientific reports
|November 5, 2025
概括
海军声纳暴露改变了鱼的潜水. 鱼更早,更频繁地使用特定的游泳步态 (B步),这可能会增加减压疾病和浅的风险.
科学领域:
- 海洋生物学 海洋生物学
- 生物声学是一种生物声学.
- 动物行为 动物行为
背景情况:
- 众所周知,海军声纳的使用会破坏鱼的潜水行为,有时会导致致命的浅.
- 这种干扰背后的生理机制,特别是关于潜水的生理机制,尚不清楚.
- 长在深度潜水时可能超过有氧潜水限制,在上升时采用独特的"B-stroke"步态,可能是为了招募无氧肌肉纤维.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较海军声纳暴露的潜水中的B冲击的使用与四种型鱼物种未暴露的潜水.
- 为了研究因声纳暴露而导致的鱼潜在的生理反应和行为变化.
主要方法:
- 在暴露和未暴露的潜水期间对B冲击使用的比较分析,跨越四种型鱼物种.
- 观察和记录潜水行为和B冲动的启动,以应对不同的声纳暴露水平和持续时间.
主要成果:
- 嘴在声纳暴露期间表现出改变的B冲击使用,在深度和浅度潜水的下降和上升阶段使用它.
- 在3分钟以上的声纳暴露超过100dBre1μPa期间观察到B型中风的发生.
- 与未暴露的潜水 (33 ± 14 分钟) 相比,鱼在暴露的潜水中 (16 ± 13 分钟) 提前发起了B 冲击,这表明早期的节氧策略.
结论:
- 声纳暴露触发了嘴早期采用节氧策略的情况,B型中风的过早使用证明了这一点.
- 这种改变的游泳步态,可能是一种抗捕食者反应,可能导致长期的生理压力.
- 这种长时间的反应可能会导致气泡的形成和生长,增加压力下降疾病和鱼浅的风险.
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