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在德国新诊断为HIV-1的人群中,活跃和已消失的HCV感染,2009-2019年

Daniel Ivanusic¹, Amare Eshetu¹, Hussein Al-Shehabi¹

¹Unit 18 HIV and Other Retroviruses/Sexually Transmitted Bacterial Pathogens (STI) and HIV, Department of Infectious Diseases, Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer 20, 13353, Berlin, Germany.

BMC infectious diseases

|November 5, 2025

概括

直接作用抗病毒药物 (DAA) 的引入增加了在德国新确诊的人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 患者中解决的C型肝炎病毒 (HCV) 感染率. 然而,仍然存在未得到满足的需求,特别是注射毒品的人和非德国裔个人.

科学领域:

传染性疾病传染性疾病
肝病学肝病学是一种肝病学.
公共卫生公共卫生

背景情况:

艾滋病毒和HCV共享传播途径,同时感染加快了肝病的进展.
德国对新确诊的HIV-1病毒病例的分析检查了活跃或已消失的HCV感染.
该研究期与用于HCV治疗的直接作用抗病毒药物 (DAA) 引入相吻合.

研究的目的:

评估在德国新诊断患有人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 的个人中活跃和已解决的C型肝炎病毒 (HCV) 感染的趋势.
评估直接作用抗病毒药物 (DAA) 对该群体HCV治疗结果的影响.
为了确定不同的人口和传播群体中HCV感染和解决率的差异.

主要方法:

从2009年至2019年期间接受了来自16,539名HIV-1新诊断患者的残留血液样本的回顾性分析.
查HCV抗原和/或抗体,然后通过RT-qPCR检查活跃或已解决的感染.
统计分析将HCV状况与社会人口统计数据和传播途径相关联.

主要成果:

总体而言,HCV血清流行率为6.2%,趋势稳定.
在DAA引入后,已治愈的HCV感染的比例显著增加 (到2019年从33.0%增加到48.2%).
注射吸毒者 (PWID) 的患病率最高 (73.7%),但解决率最低 (29.4%).
与出生在德国的个人相比,非德国出身的个人有较高的活跃/解决案件比例 (8.8%对4.3%) 和较低的解决率 (27.8%对34.0%).

结论:

在德国实施DAA后,治愈HCV感染的比例上升.
在PWID中,存在大量未满足的HCV诊断和治疗需求.
在非德国人中,活跃/已治愈的HCV病例比例较高,治愈率较低,因此需要针对性的公共卫生干预措施.

关键词:

肝炎C病毒 (HCV) 是一种人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV)与男性发生性关系的男性 (MSM)注射毒品的人 (PWID)

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