矩阵金属蛋白酶基因的水平转移将早期的动物和微生物进化联系在一起
Chris Parsons1,2, Gregory P Fournier3
1Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. cwp0012@auburn.edu.
Biology direct
|November 5, 2025
概括
矩阵金属蛋白酶 (MMPs) 显示了微生物和动物之间广泛的多样性和基因转移,表明了早期的动物-微生物共同进化. 它们的族系为进化历史提供了新时代的校准.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 微生物生态学 微生物生态学
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- 动物复杂性的进化涉及像原蛋白这样的结构蛋白,为微生物创造了新的营养来源.
- 微生物群体拥有酶,如矩阵金属蛋白酶 (MMP),能够降解原蛋白,这表明早期的动物-微生物相互作用.
- 微生物中MMPs的作用和患病率,特别是与动物基质相关的作用和患病率,以前被低估了.
研究的目的:
- 研究生命的不同领域的矩阵金属蛋白酶 (MMPs) 的多样性和进化史.
- 探索微生物MMP与动物衍生基质的关联.
- 使用酶类基因来校准分子钟估计.
主要方法:
- 对海洋元基因组进行分析,以评估MMP和基因酶的丰度.
- 对MMP蛋白质的遗传学重建.
- 对比基因组学和分子时钟分析.
主要成果:
- 在细菌,Eumetazoa和Streptophyta中,MMPs是多样化的.
- 微生物MMP的丰富度与海洋环境中的基因酶的丰富度相关,这表明与动物基质的联系.
- 遗传学分析揭示了MMP的快速多样化和细菌,古生物和真核生物之间的多个水平基因转移.
- 一个横向的基因转移事件到Methanosarcinaceae限制了他们的进化后日原进化.
结论:
- MMPs表现出一个复杂的遗传史,涉及跨王国基因转移,为早期的原生动物-元生动物共同进化的证据提供了证据.
- 基质特异性酶的基因系,如MMPs,可以作为分子钟的宝贵年龄校准点.
- 这项研究强调了动物和微生物之间的古老而复杂的关系,这种关系是由MMP等酶介导的.
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