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过度饮食障碍中对食物的注意偏差:基线差异和注意力修改训练的极限
Lynn Sablottny1, Dustin Werle2, Jennifer Svaldi2
1Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Freiburg, Engelbergerstraße 41, 79085, Freiburg, Germany. lynn.sablottny@psychologie.uni-freiburg.de.
Journal of eating disorders
|November 5, 2025
概括
注意修改训练 (AMT) 在患有暴饮暴食障碍 (BED) 的个体中没有显著改变对食物的注意偏差. 观察到的改善并不特定于AMT,这表明需要进一步的研究来提高治疗疗效.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 对高热量食物的注意力过程与暴饮暴食障碍 (BED) 有关.
- 注意修改训练 (AMT) 旨在减少这种注意偏差 (AB).
研究的目的:
- 在与正常体重 (NCG) 和超重控制 (OCG) 相比,在BED患者中量化与食物相关的注意偏差 (AB).
- 评估AMT对AB影响的持续性和概括性,干预后一周.
主要方法:
- 135名参与者 (72名BED,32名NCG,31名OCG) 完成了饮食病理和AB评估,使用带有眼睛跟踪和反应时间测量的点探针模式进行评估.
- 61名BED参与者被随机分配到AMT或安慰剂训练 (4次).
- 在训练后一周进行了AB和饮食病理的重新评估.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,在基线时,患有BED的个体对高热量食物线索的AB显著增加.
- 训练后一周,AMT和安慰剂组都没有对AB产生差异性影响.
- 两组都在初始固定持续时间偏差和反应时间变化方面表现出适度,非特异性的减少;AB变化和饮食病理之间的相关性并不显著.
结论:
- 这项研究证实了BED患者的食物相关注意力偏差.
- 除了安慰剂效应之外,AMT没有产生持续或普遍的注意力处理变化.
- 未来的研究应该专注于隔离活性AMT成分,并改善加强治疗的生态有效性.
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