运动训练对2型糖尿病骨肌肉线粒体结局的影响:系统性审查和元分析
Wenning Zhu1, Zhangxu Zhou1, Jingyao Sun1
1Ningbo Rehabilitation Hospital, Zhejiang, China.
Frontiers in physiology
|November 6, 2025
概括
运动显著改善了2型糖尿病患者的线粒体功能,增强了氧化和抗氧化能力. 中度至高强度的运动是骨肌肉中这些好处的关键.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 代谢疾病 代谢疾病
- 线粒体生物学 线粒体生物学
背景情况:
- 骨肌肉线粒体功能障碍是胰岛素抵抗和2型糖尿病 (T2DM) 进展的核心原因.
- 运动训练有助于改善线粒体功能,但现有的研究缺乏机制的系统合成,并提出了相互矛盾的发现.
研究的目的:
- 在T2DM患者中进行全面的元分析,合成运动对骨肌肉线粒体功能的影响.
- 确定特定的线粒体机制和有效的炼方式,以改善T2DM中的线粒体健康.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,Web of Science和Scopus中进行了系统的文献搜索.
- 包括专注于T2DM患者 (≥40岁) 进行运动干预和线粒体结局的研究.
- 使用TESTEX尺度评估方法质量,并使用Stata 17.0.0进行元分析.
主要成果:
- 运动显著增强了线粒体的氧化能力 (SMD = 0.61),由酸盐合成酶 (CS) 和COX-II驱动.
- 在抗氧化能力 (SMD = 1.18,通过SOD2) 和线粒体融合标志物MFN2 (SMD = 0.96) 中观察到显著改善.
- 有效的方法包括长期的适度有氧训练,短期的高强度间歇训练 (HIIT) 和长期的抵抗/联合训练.
结论:
- 中度至高强度的运动可以选择性地改善T2DM中的骨肌肉线粒体功能,特别是氧化和抗氧化能力,以及线粒体融合.
- 对线粒体含量的影响是无意义的,抗糖尿病药物的影响需要进一步调查.
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