识别最稳定表达的内部控制基因,以使水牛皮肤组织中目标基因表达正常化
Ankita Gurao1, Anurag Kumar1, Namita Kumari1
1ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana, India.
Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
|November 6, 2025
概括
研究人员确定了稳定的参考基因,用于研究水牛皮肤色素. 建议GAPDH,EEF1A1和RPS23的组合用于在黑色素发生学研究中进行准确的基因表达分析.
科学领域:
- 动物遗传学动物遗传学
- 皮肤病学 皮肤病学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 水牛的皮肤具有独特的适应温度调节,涉及皮肤黑色素.
- 黑色素合成和基因调节会影响外套颜色和耐热性,但分子机制尚不清楚.
- 在水牛皮肤中缺乏可靠的内部控制基因 (ICG) 进行定量PCR (qPCR) 正常化.
研究的目的:
- 系统地评估水牛皮肤表达稳定性的候选参考基因.
- 确定最可靠的ICG用于在黑色素生研究中规范基因表达数据.
- 为研究水牛皮肤的色素提供一个有效的规范化策略.
主要方法:
- 从黑色 (CC1) 和白斑 (CC2) Nili Ravi水牛的皮肤组织中评估了九个候选参考基因.
- 应用了统计算法,包括deltaCq,NormFinder,geNorm和BestKeeper等.
- 使用KIT和TYR的黑色素生成基因验证了所选的参考基因组.
主要成果:
- 基因组合GAPDH,EEF1A1和RPS23在不同的色素表型中表现出最高的表达稳定性.
- 这三组基因的正常化产生了一致和生物学相关的基因表达特征.
- 证实KIT基因在白色与黑色水牛皮肤中显著下调.
结论:
- 建议GAPDH,EEF1A1和RPS23作为水牛皮肤中qPCR正常化的稳定基因基因组.
- 这种经过验证的规范化策略确保了与黑色素发生有关的基因的强大基因表达概况.
- 这些发现有助于更好地了解水牛色素和耐热性的分子基础.
相关概念视频
01:42What is Gene Expression?
Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
01:16In-vitro Mutagenesis
To learn more about the function of a gene, researchers can observe what happens when the gene is inactivated or “knocked out,” by creating genetically engineered knockout animals. Knockout mice have been particularly useful as models for human diseases such as cancer, Parkinson’s disease, and diabetes.
01:58Cell Specific Gene Expression
Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
02:33Combinatorial Gene Control
Combinatorial gene control is the synergistic action of several transcriptional factors to regulate the expression of a single gene. The absence of one or more of these factors may lead to a significant difference in the level of gene expression or repression.
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...
01:36What is Gene Expression?
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then processed and...
01:27Constitutive and Regulated Gene Expression
Gene expression in prokaryotes is governed by constitutive and regulated systems, allowing cells to balance the production of essential proteins with adaptive responses to environmental changes.Constitutive Gene ExpressionConstitutive, or housekeeping, genes are continuously expressed as they encode proteins vital for fundamental cellular processes. These include enzymes for glycolysis, ribosomal components for protein synthesis, and proteins involved in DNA replication. Their constant...