一种GRAS SCL14基因的突变使大豆中对除草剂bentazon产生中度敏感性
Shin Kato1,2, Yuko Yokota1, Tadashi Matsumoto1
1Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8518, Japan.
概括
研究人员发现了一种新基因,bzn-2,负责大豆中温和的本塔除草剂敏感性. 这一发现涉及GRAS基因变异,并有助于培育对除草剂耐受性的基因.
科学领域:
- 植物遗传学 植物遗传学
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 班塔松是一种关键的除草剂,用于大豆种植中出现后的杂草控制.
- 一个已知的衰退基因,bzn-1,由于细胞染色体P450氧酶的功能丧失,使得本塔松具有高敏感性.
- 对于中度的本塔松敏感性存在自然变异,而不是由bzn-1.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定大豆中适度本塔松敏感性的遗传基础.
- 阐明这种耐受性特征背后的分子机制.
- 在大豆育种计划中开发选择塔松耐受性的工具.
主要方法:
- 使用重组杂交系进行定位克隆,以缩小bzn-2的候选基因区域.
- 在确定区域内对候选基因的序列分析.
- 开发和应用一个强化-耐火突变系统 (ARMS) 标记器用于生殖质查.
- 乙基甲硫酸盐 (EMS) 诱导突变的分析.
主要成果:
- 一个新的衰退基因,bzn-2,被确定为赋予中度的本塔松敏感性.
- 定位克隆将bzn-2定位到11号染色体上的92kb区域.
- 在Glyma.11G138300的一个单基替代,编码GRAS SCL14,在中度敏感的品种中被发现,产生过早停止的代码.
- 在ARMS标记选中,成功区分了中度敏感的大豆加入.
- Glyma.11G138300的EMS突变体表现出中度的班塔松敏感性.
- 突变的Glyma.11G138300显示出减少表达,导致P450基因 (Glyma.16G149300) 的表达减少,并导致敏感的表型.
结论:
- 编码GRAS SCL14的Glyma.11G138300是bzn-2位点的因果基因,赋予了中度的班塔松敏感性.
- 这项研究是第一个证明GRAS基因家族的自然变异有助于除草剂耐受性的研究.
- 这些发现提供了关于本塔松清毒机制的见解,并促进了标记器辅助的选择,以改善大豆育种中的本塔松耐受性.
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