乒乓球可以保护老年大脑吗? 神经退行性疾病的系统审查和元分析
Kinga Łosińska1, Adam Maszczyk2
1Gdańsk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdańsk, Poland.
Acta psychologica
|November 6, 2025
概括
乒乓球对老年人患有神经退行性疾病 (如阿尔茨海默氏症和帕金森症) 的认知和运动功能有显著的益处. 这种非药物干预是安全和有效的,尽管需要更多的研究.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 康复科学 康复科学 康复科学
背景情况:
- 桌球 (TT) 在患有神经退行性疾病 (阿尔茨海默病,帕金森病,痴呆症) 的老年人中探索认知,运动和心理社会益处.
- 现有的证据是分散的,TT干预的效果大小和可靠性不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和元分析乒乓球对神经退行性疾病的老年人认知和运动结果的影响.
- 评估乒乓球作为非药物干预的安全性和可行性.
主要方法:
- 按照PRISMA 2020指南,在四个数据库 (PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science,SPORTDiscus) 进行了系统的文献搜索.
- 十项研究符合纳入标准;五项研究被纳入了对认知和运动结果的随机效应元分析.
- 使用JBI检查清单评估偏差风险;使用GRADE框架对证据的确定性进行分级.
主要成果:
- 分析表明,对认知功能 (MMSE:d=1.44,MoCA:d=1.31) 和运动功能 (UPDRS-III:d=1.27) 有很大的影响.
- 对于双重任务步态 (TUG:d=0.93) 也发现了显著的影响,异质性低至中等.
- GRADE评估显示证据的确定性中等;没有报告严重不良事件.
结论:
- 乒乓球是一种安全,可行和有效的非药物干预,用于改善阿尔茨海默病,帕金森病和痴呆症患者的认知和运动结果.
- 需要进行更多的高质量试验,采用标准化方案,以确认发现并提高临床适用性.
- 初步结果是有希望的,但由于目前的试验数量和方法的局限性而受到限制.
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