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相关概念视频

Overview of Transposition and Recombination02:13

Overview of Transposition and Recombination

18.7K
Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...
18.7K
DNA-only Transposons02:57

DNA-only Transposons

17.1K
DNA-only transposons are called autonomous transposons since they code for the enzyme transposase that is required for the transposition mechanism. Insertion of transposons can alter gene functions in multiple ways. They can mutate the gene, alter gene expression by introducing a novel promoter or insulator sequence, introduce new splice sites, and change the mRNA transcripts produced, or remodel chromatin structure.
The donor site from where the transposon is excised is either degraded or...
17.1K
LTR Retrotransposons03:08

LTR Retrotransposons

19.4K
LTR retrotransposons are class I transposable elements with long terminal repeats flanking an internal coding region. These elements are less abundant in mammals compared to other class I transposable elements. About 8 percent of human genomic DNA comprises LTR retrotransposons. Some of the common examples of LTR retrotransposons are Ty elements in yeast and Copia elements in Drosophila.
The internal coding region of LTR retrotransposons and their mechanism of transposition closely resembles a...
19.4K
Transposons01:24

Transposons

1.3K
Transposons, or "jumping genes," are small mobile genetic elements (MGEs) that range from 700 to 40,000 base pairs in length. They are found in all organisms and can move within the same chromosome or transfer to different chromosomes. In some cases, transposons can also jump between different host DNA molecules, such as plasmids or viruses, contributing to genetic variability.Barbara McClintock first discovered these mobile genetic elements in the 1940s while studying maize genetics, and she...
1.3K
Non-LTR Retrotransposons03:18

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

13.1K
As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
13.1K
Phylogenetic Trees03:21

Phylogenetic Trees

49.2K
Phylogenetic trees come in many forms. It matters in which sequence the organisms are arranged from the bottom to the top of the tree, but the branches can rotate at their nodes without altering the information. The lines connecting individual nodes can be straight, angled, or even curved.
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jan 12, 2026

Real-Time Quantification of the Effects of IS200/IS605 Family-Associated TnpB on Transposon Activity
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Real-Time Quantification of the Effects of IS200/IS605 Family-Associated TnpB on Transposon Activity

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使用可转换元素组成和插入事件构建的坚固的白种系.

Cong Liu1, Simon Hellemans1, Yi-Ming Weng1

  • 1Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son 904-0495, Okinawa, Japan.

Current biology : CB
|November 6, 2025
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

可转移元素 (TE) 提供了新的遗传学信息. 在基因组和近超保存元素 (UCEs) 中分析TE的存在/缺失,可以准确地重建进化树,解决有争议的节点.

关键词:
异类动物 (Isoptera) 是一个类.进行比较的基因组学.基因组的演化 基因组的演化昆虫 昆虫 是一种昆虫.线粒子基因组 (mitogenomes) 是一个细胞基因组.分子标记物 分子标记物人类基因组学学科.转位子转位子

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Extracting DNA from the Gut Microbes of the Termite Zootermopsis Angusticollis and Visualizing Gut Microbes
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Author Spotlight: Evaluation of Entomopathogenic Fungi in Wild Monochamus alternatus Populations for Biocontrol Applications in Forest Wood Borers
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Extracting DNA from the Gut Microbes of the Termite Zootermopsis Angusticollis and Visualizing Gut Microbes
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科学领域:

  • 基因组学就是基因组学.
  • 进化生物学 进化生物学
  • 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.

背景情况:

  • 遗传树传统上依赖于保存的序列对齐.
  • 可转移元素 (TE) 构成了真核基因组的很大一部分,但在遗传学分析中经常被忽视.
  • 试验生物可能包含有价值的遗传学信息,用于解决进化关系.

研究的目的:

  • 调查可转移元素 (TE) 作为基因重建标记物的实用性.
  • 与传统方法相比,评估使用TE衍生字符构建的家族遗传树的准确性.
  • 探索TE在解决进化树上的有争议节点方面的潜力.

主要方法:

  • 用全基因组TE家族存在/缺席数据重建了白和的遗传树.
  • 利用TE家族存在/不存在的数据,作为TE插入的代理,在超保守元素 (UCE) 的侧边区域.
  • 基于TE的族系与从UCE对齐和单拷贝正基因推断出的树进行了比较.

主要成果:

  • 基于TE的家族遗传树与来自UCE和单拷贝正基因的树有很高的一致性.
  • 全基因组的TE组成产生了比线粒体基因组对齐更准确的树.
  • 在UCE附近的TE组合实现了与单拷贝正确基因对齐相提并论的准确性.

结论:

  • 可转移元素 (TE) 景观是丰富的基因组学信息性字符的来源.
  • 试验实验为强大的遗传学重建提供了一个额外的标记集.
  • TE分析有可能解决更广泛的生命树中的模两可的节点.