最少侵入性,最大影响:结肠支架应用的进步
Filippos Koutroumpakis1, Emmanuel Coronel
1Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
Current opinion in gastroenterology
|November 6, 2025
概括
自扩张的金属支架 (SEMS) 为恶性结直肠阻塞 (MCO) 提供了一种有价值的替代手术,提供缓解并使计划切除成为可能. 需要进一步的研究来完善患者选择并澄清长期结果.
科学领域:
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
- 手术瘤学手术瘤学
- 干预性内镜检查是干预性的内镜检查.
背景情况:
- 恶性结肠直肠阻塞 (MCO) 是结肠直肠癌的一个关键并发症,通常需要紧急手术,具有显著的发病率和永久性口腔瘤的高率.
- 自扩张的金属支架 (SEMS) 已成为一个关键的干预措施,既提供了息性缓解,也为选择性手术切除提供了桥梁.
- 本综述侧重于结肠支架在当代多学科癌症护理中的不断变化的作用.
研究的目的:
- 审查最近在MCO的结肠支架的指示,技术方面和新应用方面的进展.
- 突出结肠支架在现代患者管理策略中的整合.
- 讨论SEMS在恶性和选择良性结直肠疾病中的潜力.
主要方法:
- 关于结肠支架的最新研究的综合文献综述.
- 对SEMS用于息和作为桥梁到手术的现有证据的分析.
- 评估结肠支架的新兴应用和技术创新.
主要成果:
- 对于精选的MCO患者来说,SEMS是有效的第一线息治疗,提供快速的症状缓解并减少对永久性口腔的需求.
- 结肠支架可以通过将新出现的手术转化为可选手术来促进计划的,最少的侵入性切除.
- 设备技术和操作人员经验的持续改进提高了安全性和成功率,在良性狭窄和炎症性肠病中使用范围不断扩大.
结论:
- 结肠支架为MCO管理提供了手术的重要替代方案,并正在研究良性疾病.
- 更广泛的临床采用需要进一步的证据,特别是在患者选择和长期瘤结果方面.
- 未来的研究应该专注于与外科选择和长期结果澄清的比较研究.
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