深海采矿排放可能会破坏中水食物网
Michael H Dowd1, Victoria E Assad2, Alexus E Cazares-Nuesser2
1Department of Oceanography, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA. mdowd3@hawaii.edu.
Nature communications
|November 6, 2025
概括
在克拉里安-克利珀顿区排放的深海采矿废物可能会破坏海洋食物网. 营养缺乏的颗粒物可能会稀释自然的食物来源,影响动物浮游生物,微生物和更大的海洋捕食者.
科学领域:
- 海洋生物学 海洋生物学
- 深海生态 深海生态
- 环境科学环境科学
背景情况:
- 克拉里安-克利珀顿区 (CCZ) 富含多金属块,导致了广泛的深海采矿许可证.
- 拟议的采矿业务涉及将废物排放到下半半层和上半层海水区.
- 这些区域拥有独特的动物群落,包括动物浮游生物和微生物,对食物网至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估采矿废弃物对CCZ食物网的潜在影响.
- 研究采矿相关颗粒与自然颗粒的营养质量.
- 预测食物网中断对各种海洋动物的级联影响.
主要方法:
- 使用了氨基酸的化合物特定同位素分析.
- 分析的重点是水柱中大于6微米的颗粒.
- 考虑了动物浮游生物和微观浮游生物在拟议的放电深度的饮食习惯.
主要成果:
- 大于6微米的自然颗粒构成了食物网的基础.
- 矿业相关的颗粒物在营养上不足,会稀释天然的食物来源.
- 53%的动物浮游生物和60%的微观浮游生物在拟议的深度分别是粒子食者或动物浮游生物.
结论:
- 中水采矿浮点对生态系统产生自下而上影响的风险很大.
- 食物网的破坏可能会对动物浮游生物,微观浮游生物,尼克顿和大型海洋捕食者产生严重后果.
- 生态风险评估必须考虑从深海采矿活动中广泛传播的食物网污染和稀释效应的可能性.
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