美国八家儿童医院的侵入性肺炎球菌病,2018-2023年
Sheldon L Kaplan1, William J Barson2, Philana Ling Lin3
1From the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Sections, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
The Pediatric infectious disease journal
|November 7, 2025
概括
儿童的侵入性肺炎球菌病 (IPD) 仍然很重要,PCV13血清型导致30%的病例. 新的PCV20疫苗有可能进一步减少IPD.
科学领域:
- 儿童传染病 儿童传染病
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 微生物学 微生物学
背景情况:
- 13性肺炎球菌合疫苗 (PCV13) 在2010年在美国推出.
- 对儿童的侵入性肺炎球菌病 (IPD) 监测对于评估疫苗影响至关重要.
- 最近的数据捕捉了PCV20疫苗授权之前的IPD趋势.
研究的目的:
- 描述2018年至2023年间美国儿童IPD的流行病学.
- 评估PCV13和新兴血清型对儿科IPD的贡献.
- 为疫苗接种策略和治疗指南提供信息.
主要方法:
- 在美国8家儿童医院对儿童IPD病例的前性监测.
- 收集人口,临床和微生物学数据,包括血型定型和抗生素敏感性测试.
- 从2018年到2023年对分离物的分析.
主要成果:
- PCV13血清型仍然是IPD的重要原因 (32%的儿童<5岁,28%的儿童≥5岁),特别是血清型3,19A和19F.
- 对于PCV20独特的7种血清型,在5岁以下的儿童中占IPD的25%,在年龄较大的儿童中占19%.
- 在10.1%的脑膜炎分离体中观察到抗生素不敏感性.
结论:
- PCV13血清型继续在美国儿童中引起大量的IPD,这凸显了更新疫苗接种策略的需要.
- 儿童经验性脑膜炎的治疗应包括万科米辛,因为观察到的氏不敏感性.
- 推出20肺炎球菌合疫苗 (PCV20) 预计将进一步降低儿科IPD的负担.
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