中国的非传染性疾病负担,1990-2023年:来自2023年全球疾病负担研究的证据
Tianhao Zhang1,2, Haoyue Jiang3, Xiaohui Xu2,4
1Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
Chinese medical journal
|November 7, 2025
概括
非传染性疾病 (NCD) 仍然是中国在2023年面临的主要健康挑战,心血管疾病和瘤造成的死亡和残疾最多. 尽管比率下降,但由于人口老龄化,绝对数字的增加需要改进NCD预防和管理策略.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 非传染性疾病 (NCDs) 构成了全球重大健康负担.
- 中国面临越来越多的非传染性疾病挑战,人口快速老龄化加剧了这一挑战.
- 本研究使用全面的全球疾病负担数据分析了2023年中国的非传染性疾病负担.
研究的目的:
- 评估2023年中国目前的非传染性疾病负担.
- 为了比较1990年至2023年间的NCD趋势.
- 确定中国的关键非传染性疾病,人口差异和地区差异.
主要方法:
- 利用了2023年全球疾病负担研究的数据.
- 包括来自中国大陆31个省份以及香港和澳门的数据.
- 估计的年龄标准化和所有年龄的死亡率和DALY率,按性别,年龄和地区分析.
主要成果:
- 在2023年,非传染性疾病是中国疾病负担的主要贡献者.
- 心血管疾病和瘤是NCD死亡率和DALYs的主要原因.
- 虽然自1990年以来年龄标准化率下降,但绝对NCD负担由于人口老龄化而增加,神经,精神和肌肉骨疾病的严重增加. 发现了地理差异,西部和东北部省份的负担更高.
结论:
- 非传染性疾病仍然是中国疾病负担的主要原因,疾病类型,人口统计和地区的差异很大.
- 有效和公平的NCD控制需要加强预防工作,改善高风险个体的管理,并提高数据的准确性.
- 解决越来越多的非传染性疾病负担,特别是在老龄化人口中,对于中国的公共卫生未来至关重要.
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