孕产妇免疫激活与后代神经发育障碍之间的病理生理学关联:综合性综述
Qing Tang1,2, Xiaofang Wang3, Fanqian Yang1,2
1Pediatrics Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Frontiers in endocrinology
|November 7, 2025
概括
孕产妇免疫激活 (MIA) 增加炎症性细胞因子,破坏胎儿大脑发育,增加后代神经发育障碍 (NDD) 的风险. 了解这些机制有助于对NDD进行早期诊断和产前干预.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 母亲免疫激活 (MIA) 是后代神经发育障碍 (NDD) 的重要危险因素.
- 对MIA在神经发育病理学中的作用的研究是一个日益关注的领域.
- 怀孕期间的炎症刺激会影响胎儿的大脑发育.
研究的目的:
- 系统地调查MIA诱导的胎儿神经发育障碍的细胞和分子机制.
- 澄清MIA对NDD易感性的影响.
- 为与MIA和NDD相关的基础研究和临床干预提供基础.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,Web of Science和Scopus数据库中进行了系统的文献搜索.
- 包括动物和人类的研究,不包括无关或非机械的报告.
- 通过手动选关键文章的参考列表来补充数据库搜索.
主要成果:
- MIA提升了全身炎症细胞因子,这些细胞因子穿过胎盘并激活胎儿的免疫反应.
- 通过抑制神经干细胞/原生细胞的增殖和加速分化,MIA会损害胎儿的大脑发育.
- 神经元迁移和皮质分层的破坏增加了NDD的风险,包括ASD,ADHD和SCZ.
结论:
- 炎症性细胞因子是MIA诱导的神经干细胞增殖,分化和迁移中障碍的主要媒介.
- 这些机制突出显示了母亲对胎儿神经发育的影响.
- 这些发现支持早期诊断和有针对性的产前干预措施,以减轻NDD的发生率和改善结果.
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