不仅仅是75-79岁的成年人,还可能受益于针对RSV的疫苗接种:来自英国数据的见解
Andrew Vyse1, Carmen Hockey1, Hannah Wright1
1Medical Affairs, Pfizer UK Ltd, Tadworth, UK.
Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice
|November 7, 2025
概括
国家成年呼吸道同胞病毒 (RSV) 免疫计划应考虑75岁及以上的成年人,他们面临住院治疗的最高风险. 接种疫苗也可能对患有潜在疾病的年轻人有益,尽管需要更多的研究.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 英国国家成人呼吸道同胞病毒 (RSV) 免疫计划已经推出,但由于这一年龄组的有效性数据有限,80岁及以上的成年人被质疑是否包括在内.
- 这一老年人群面临RSV感染住院的最高风险,但关键的临床试验缺乏足够的准确性来支持80岁及以上的人群的疫苗接种.
- 此外,还提到要考虑在临床风险群体的75岁以下成年人接种疫苗.
研究的目的:
- 讨论将80岁及以上的成年人纳入国家成人RSV免疫计划.
- 总结英国有关成人RSV感染的年度医疗负担的数据.
- 支持需要考虑在18-74岁的成年人中接种RSV疫苗的必要性,具有潜在的风险状况.
主要方法:
- 对英国医疗保健数据的分析,包括一般医生 (GP) 咨询,住院,以及因成人RSV感染而导致的意外和紧急情况 (A&E) 出勤.
- 按年龄组对医疗保健负担数据的分层,重点关注75岁及以上的年龄组和18-74岁的有潜在风险状况的人群.
主要成果:
- 由于RSV,每年超过63万名英国成年人利用NHS服务.
- 显著比例的RSV归因于住院治疗 (约55%) 和A&E出席 (约48%) 发生在75岁及以上的成年人.
- 大约77%的全年成人RSV医疗负担在18-74岁的成年人身上,估计有1400万人至少有一个潜在的风险状况.
结论:
- 现实世界的证据支持RSV疫苗在老年人中的有效性,随着年龄的增长,住院住院的风险大幅增加.
- 在18-74岁的成年人中,大量的医疗负担和潜在的风险状况的存在需要考虑在这个群体中接种RSV疫苗.
- 需要进一步的研究,以确定与18-74岁成年人RSV感染严重后果相关的特定潜在风险状况.
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