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相关概念视频

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)01:16

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)

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Ring-opening metathesis polymerization or ROMP involves strained cycloalkenes as starting materials. The mechanism of ROMP proceeds by reacting cycloalkene with Grubbs catalyst to give metallacyclobutane intermediate which undergoes a ring-opening reaction to form new carbene. The new carbene reacts with another molecule of cycloalkene. Repetition of these steps leads to the formation of an unsaturated open-chain polymer product. All these steps are reversible, however, relieving the ring...
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Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview01:13

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview

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Recently, the development of olefin metathesis polymerization advanced the field of polymer synthesis. Simply put, the reorganization of substituents on their double bonds between two olefins in the presence of a catalyst is known as the olefin metathesis reaction. The use of metathesis reaction for polymer synthesis is called olefin metathesis polymerization.
Ruthenium-based Grubbs catalyst is the most commonly used catalyst for olefin metathesis polymerization. Grubbs catalyst consists of a...
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Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

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The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
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Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview01:26

Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview

2.9K
Electrocyclic reactions are reversible reactions. They involve an intramolecular cyclization or ring-opening of a conjugated polyene. Shown below are two examples of electrocyclic reactions. In the first reaction, the formation of the cyclic product is favored. In contrast, in the second reaction, ring-opening is favored due to the high ring strain associated with cyclobutene formation.
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Thermal Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry01:17

Thermal Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry

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The stereochemistry of electrocyclic reactions is strongly influenced by the orbital symmetry of the polyene HOMO. Under thermal conditions, the reaction proceeds via the ground-state HOMO.
Selection Rules: Thermal Activation
Conjugated systems containing an even number of π-electron pairs undergo a conrotatory ring closure. For example, thermal electrocyclization of (2E,4E)-2,4-hexadiene, a conjugated diene containing two π-electron pairs, gives trans-3,4-dimethylcyclobutene.
2.5K
Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)00:53

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)

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Acyclic diene metathesis polymerization or ADMET polymerization involves cross-metathesis of terminal dienes, such as 1,8-nonadiene, to give linear unsaturated polymer and ethylene. As ADMET is a reversible process, the formed ethylene gas must be removed from the reaction mixture to complete the polymerization process.
Similar to cross-metathesis, ADMET also involves the formation of metallacyclobutane intermediate by [2+2] cycloaddition of one of the double bonds of a terminal diene with...
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柔性电弹性体通过可混性驱动的尼特分子旋转来实现.

Moonseok Jang1, Bitgaram Kim1,2, Ji-Hun Seo1

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|November 7, 2025
PubMed
概括

这项研究探讨了聚合物网络中的苏奇尼尼特 (SN) 塑料晶体中的柔电性. 交叉连接的基于SN的复合材料展示了高效的机械到电能转换,突出了软材料的设计原则.

关键词:
弹性弹性体弹性体是什么灵活的电力电力.混杂性 混杂性 混杂性聚合物分类的聚合物部分.苏奇尼尼特里尔 (Succinonitrile) 是一种

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科学领域:

  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 固态物理 固态物理
  • 聚合物科学 聚合物科学

背景情况:

  • 塑料晶体具有独特的顺序/混乱特性,在应变梯度下允许柔电,尽管缺乏压电.
  • 一种极性塑料晶体苏奇尼尼特 (SN),由于其分子动力学,显示出电机应用的潜力.
  • 之前的研究集中在纯或合的SN上,不探讨聚合物网络的影响.

研究的目的:

  • 研究共振交联聚合物网络如何影响SN的旋转动力学和柔电性质.
  • 确定聚合物-SN混合性,微观结构,分子移动性和机电合之间的关系.
  • 建立用于机械到电能转换的新型软材料的设计原则.

主要方法:

  • 在复合网中聚合物-SN混合性的系统变化.
  • 在机械应力下测量机电性能 (电压,电流) (手指敲击).
  • 通过三点曲试验,通过介电分析和DFT计算来确定柔电系数.

主要成果:

  • SN_MMA复合材料表现出最高的电机性能,产生2.79 V和0.082 μA cm−2.2.
  • 在SN_MMA复合材料中记录了22.8 nC m-1的最高柔电系数.
  • 最佳性能归因于界面应力局部化,并保留了聚合物网络内的 SN 定向自由.

结论:

  • 联交联的聚合物网络可以显著增强succinonitrile的柔电特性.
  • 微观结构和SN分子流动性是实现这些软材料高效电机械合的关键因素.
  • 该SN_MMA复合材料作为设计高性能,非零电能收获材料的模型.