流感疫苗接种范围:西班牙自治区的进展,挑战和不平等 (2019-2023)
F M Escandell Rico1, L Pérez Fernández2
1Profesor de enfermería, Departamento de enfermería, Universidad de Alicante, Spain.
Revista clinica espanola
|November 7, 2025
概括
西班牙 (2019-2023) 的季节性流感疫苗接种覆盖率显示,老年人群的疫苗接种率很高,但60-64岁的健康专业人员和成年人群的疫苗接种率有所下降. 需要新的战略来改善公平,特别是对于儿童和医疗保健提供者来说.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 接种季节性流感疫苗对于预防发病率和死亡率至关重要.
- 监测疫苗接种覆盖率趋势对于公共卫生政策至关重要.
- 西班牙已经实施了各种策略来提高流感疫苗接种率.
研究的目的:
- 评估西班牙2019年至2023年的季节性流感疫苗接种覆盖率.
- 分析不同人口群体和自治社区的覆盖率趋势.
- 确定影响疫苗接种时间和背景变化的因素.
主要方法:
- 使用疫苗信息系统 (SIVAMIN) 数据进行的回顾性纵向研究.
- 对特定年龄组 (儿童,成年人),孕妇和医疗人员的疫苗接种率的分析.
- 描述性和回归分析,以评估时间趋势和区域差异.
主要成果:
- 在74岁以上的人群中,高覆盖率 (>73%) 保持在一定程度上,但略有下降.
- 在65-74岁年龄组中,覆盖率良好但区域不均.
- 在60-64岁的成年人和孕妇中观察到的流行后下降.
- 卫生专业人员的覆盖率大幅下降 (66%至44%).
- 新加入的儿童 (6-59个月) 显示36%的覆盖率,区域差异明显.
结论:
- 西班牙的流感疫苗接种覆盖面既取得了进展,也面临着持续的挑战,尤其是显著的区域不平等.
- 由于有针对性的疫苗接种活动,老年人和孕妇等弱势群体的疫苗接种率相对较高.
- 虽然COVID-19大流行暂时提高了覆盖率,但这种趋势并没有持续下去.
- 可持续的战略是必要的,以提高公平性和保持对疫苗的信心,特别是对于儿童,医疗保健提供者和服务不足的地区.
关键词:
接种疫苗的覆盖范围风险小组 风险小组在健康方面的不平等.在健康方面存在不平等.接种流感疫苗可以预防流感公共卫生 公共卫生风险组 风险组 风险组 风险组公共卫生 公共卫生接种疫苗的覆盖范围疫苗可以预防流感.更多相关视频
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