结构和进化约束塑造了整个哺乳动物基因系中免疫相关基因的适应性景观
Zhengtian Li1, Mubbashar Hassan2, Hafiz Ishfaq Ahmad3
1College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Yunnan, 655011, China.
PloS one
|November 7, 2025
概括
像GBP5和IFNG这样的哺乳动物免疫基因显示出显著的适应性进化,由宿主-病原体相互作用驱动. 这些发现揭示了潜在治疗点的关键功能部位.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 免疫遗传学 免疫遗传学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 免疫基因进化对于宿主对病原体的防御至关重要.
- 了解免疫基因的适应性进化,可以了解宿主-病原体动态.
研究的目的:
- 在哺乳动物中研究关键免疫相关基因 (GBP5,GZMB,IFNG,IRF7,KLRD1,RTP4,TNFSF4,TRAT1) 的进化动态.
- 确定积极选择的地点和分支,表明适应.
- 探索这些基因在免疫反应中的功能和调节作用.
主要方法:
- 用连接的基因序列进行遗传学和选择分析.
- 应用PAML,MEME和结构建模用于进化压力评估.
- 重组分析和功能注释选定的网站.
主要成果:
- 在15-26个哺乳动物分支中观察到广泛的阳性选择 (ω > 1) (p < 0.05).
- 对于病原体识别和免疫调节至关重要的特定功能领域显示出显著的适应性.
- GBP5,GZMB和IRF7表现出显著的重组,而IFNG和TNFSF4则保持不变.
- 选择的部位与炎细胞激活,亡,干扰素信号传递和淋巴细胞调节有关.
结论:
- 免疫基因经历了持续的适应性进化,反映了宿主-病原体进化军备竞赛.
- 已识别的保留功能域为治疗干预和疫苗设计提供了潜在的目标.
- 这项研究促进了对哺乳动物免疫基因进化和宿主-病原体共同进化的理解.
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