旧世界水果蝙蝠中的帕拉米克索病毒 (Pteropodidae):一个开放的数据库和抽样努力,病毒阳性和共同进化的合成
Maya M Juman1, Olivier Restif1, Daniel J Becker2
1Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
PLoS neglected tropical diseases
|November 7, 2025
概括
旧世界水果蝙蝠 (Pteropodidae) 承载着多种类型的paramyxoviruses,但监测显示了显著的采样偏差,特别是在非洲蝙蝠. 未来的研究应该解决这些差距,并专注于特定的组织,以更好地了解蝙蝠传播病毒的动态.
科学领域:
- 兽医病毒学 兽医病毒学
- 野生动物疾病生态学 野生动物疾病生态学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 旧世界水果蝙蝠 (Pteropodidae家族) 是众所周知的各种类型的paramyxovirus的存储库.
- 研究兴趣导致了许多监控研究,需要数据合成.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合野生类动物中paramyxoviruses的数据.
- 为了识别采样努力中的偏差,病毒流行预测指标,组织热带性和宿主病毒共同进化.
主要方法:
- 进行了对野生飞类动物发表的帕拉米克索病毒研究的系统审查.
- 创建了一个符合PRISMA的数据库 (pteroparamyxo),包含来自118项研究 (1971-2023) 的1476个流行记录.
- 分析了空间和分类学抽样偏差,病毒流行率,组织热带性和共同进化模式.
主要成果:
- 发现了显著的空间和分类学偏差,非洲蝙蝠的样本不足和Pteropus-henipavirus系统的过度代表.
- 与pararubulaviruses相比,henipaviruses的代表性过高.与pararubulaviruses相比,henipaviruses的代表性过高.
- 脏和综合便样本显示了最高的PCR阳性;大洋洲的血清流行率略高.
- 随着时间的推移,PCR流行率或血清流行率没有显著变化.
- 对于类动物-帕拉米克索病毒共同进化的证据较弱,这表明经常发生宿主切换.
结论:
- 突出了当前对水果蝙蝠的帕拉米克索病毒监测中的关键采样差距.
- 建议在未来的研究中优先考虑特定的蝙蝠种类和地理区域 (例如非洲).
- 建议专注于脏和便样本进行PCR,并考虑组织类型进行血清流行研究.
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