灰质体积作为与年龄相关的听力和认知功能之间的关系的调解者
Samaneh Nemati1, Roger Newman-Norlund2, Sarah Newman-Norlund1
1Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
Neuroscience
|November 7, 2025
概括
与年龄相关的听力损失与听觉和非听觉大脑区域灰色质量减少有关. 这种结构性大脑变化部分解释了听力障碍如何导致老年人认知能力下降.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 听力学 听力学是指听力学.
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 与年龄相关的听力损失 (ARHL) 越来越多地与认知能力下降有关.
- 连接听力损失和认知障碍的特定神经机制尚未完全理解.
- 结构性大脑变化可能是ARHL与认知功能之间的关联的基础.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究听觉功能与听觉和非听觉大脑区域的灰质 (GM) 量之间的关系.
- 确定转基因体积是否调解了听力损失和认知障碍之间的关联.
- 探索这些关系在一个多元化的群体健康的成年人跨越广泛的年龄范围.
主要方法:
- 利用结构性MRI和基于voxel的形态测量来分析48个感兴趣地区的GM体积.
- 使用纯音值值 (PTT) 和语音识别 (WIN) 测量听力功能.
- 通过蒙特利尔认知评估 (MoCA) 评估认知表现,并进行相关性和调解分析.
主要成果:
- 听力较差 (较高的PTT,较低的WIN) 与听觉 (赫斯克尔环,后上环) 和非听觉区域 (岛屿,下额环,前额执行区域) 的GM体积减少显著相关.
- 听力障碍与较低的认知表现 (MoCA分数) 有关.
- 转基因体积部分介导了ARHL和认知障碍之间的关系,PTT得分显示了59%的转基因体积介导,WIN得分显示了25%的介导.
结论:
- 听力损失与听觉和非听觉大脑区域的灰质结构变化有关.
- 这些结构性大脑变化部分介导了与年龄相关的听力损失和认知衰退之间的联系.
- 研究结果强调了在认知衰老和大脑结构的背景下考虑听觉健康的重要性.
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