高心脏风险患者的自由或限制性术后输血:顶级随机临床试验
Panos Kougias1, Sherene E Sharath1, Min Zhan2
1Operative Care Line, VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, Department of Surgery, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York.
JAMA
|November 8, 2025
概括
在高风险心脏手术患者中,宽松的红细胞输血策略没有减少死亡或缺血事件. 限制性策略显示主要缺血事件的结果相似,但心脏并发症较少.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学
- 输血医学
- 危急护理医学
背景情况:
- 目前红细胞输血指南建议输血患者的血红蛋白水平低于7g/dL.
- 在接受重大手术的高风险心脏病患者中,自由输血策略的安全性尚未得到充分证实.
研究的目的:
- 将自由和限制性输血策略之间的90天内死亡或严重缺血事件的风险进行比较.
- 评估经过重大手术并患有术后贫血的高心脏风险患者的结局.
主要方法:
- 一项随机临床优势试验,涉及1428名接受重大血管或整体手术的高风险心脏病患者.
- 在手术后血红蛋白< 10 g/ dL 的参与者被随机分配到自由 (输血触发值< 10 g/ dL) 或限制性 (输血触发值< 7 g/ dL) 策略中.
主要成果:
- 主要结局 (死亡,心肌梗塞,冠状动脉再血管,急性功能衰竭或缺血性中风) 在自由组发生在9. 1%,限制组发生在10. 1% (RR,0. 90;95% CI,0. 65-1. 24).
- 第二次结局 (心脏并发症,不包括心肌梗塞) 在自由组发生在5. 9%,而限制组发生在9. 9% (RR,0. 59;99% CI,0. 36- 0. 98).
结论:
- 在接受重大手术的高心脏风险患者中,自由输血策略与限制性策略相比没有降低90天死亡或重大缺血事件的发生率.
- 自由输血策略与非心肌梗塞心脏并发症的减少有关.
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